BOAS] HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 567 



§ J. Vocfflir CJifinges 



1. Vocalic changes consist in the introduction of an e in an accented 

 consonantic cluster which consists of a combination of stems. The 

 E is inserted after the accented consonantic stem. The same change 

 occurs in Kathlamet, while it is absent in Wishram. 



a-tcE'-L-a-x he made it {a- aorist; tc- he; l- it; -a directive; -x 



to do) 

 a^gE'-L-a-x she made it (a- aorist; g- she; l- it; -a directive; -x 



to do) 

 tE'-lcEindn ashes (t- plural gender) 



2a. Accented short u, when followed by m, n, or I which are followed 

 by vowels, becomes ud'. 



id'gunat his salmon igud'nat salmon 



tqlulipxund'yu youths iq.'ud'Iipx j'outh 



26. Accented e and short a, when followed by m, n, or Z which are 

 followed by vowels, become d. The short vowels i and u, when fol- 

 lowed by vowels, have consonantic values and affect preceding e and a 

 in the same manner. 



icd'yim grizzly-bear icdyd'mukc grizzly-bears 



xd'pEiiic giving herself in pay- pd'nic to give in payment to 



ment to shaman shaman 



aqtd'witx he gives them to 



them 249.13 



Accented i followed by an a- or u vowel becomes ay. 



atcid'x he is accustomed to atcd'yax he makes him 



make him 

 mLopid' Lxa you will gather it agiupd'yazx she gathered him 



Here belong also the terminal changes of e in plural forms: 



'I'ck'.ale clam basket Lcklald'yuks clam baskets 



dcue'e frog tcued'yuks frogs 



Compare with this the following cases, where n and I belong to 

 consonantic clusters: 



nexs'l^dltd he awoke 

 TYiE'nx'i a httle while 



In one case e accented changes to d before x: 



Lld'lsx bird tlald'xuJcc birds 



All these changes given under 2 are confined to Lower Chinook. 



They do not occur in Kathlamet and Wishram. 



§5 



