568 BUREAU OP AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Tivhh. 40 



§ 6*. Consouantir Changes 



Consonantic changes due to accent are as follows: 



(1) A Ti following the accented syllable tends to become the affrica- 

 tive Tex. 



TcaftSEk middle d'JcxotSEk middle daughter 



ige'lxtcutk flint oyd'JcxilztcutJc his flint arrow- 



point 



(2) When the vowel following the cluster Ix is accented, the x is 

 dropped. 



e'lxam town ile'e country 



atcid'lxam he said to him tciold'ma he will say to him 



uko'lxul mouse ukolo'luks mice 



(3) In words in which a c[ follows the accented syllable it changes to 

 ^ when the accent shifts to a syllable following the q. When the g 

 follows the surds iJ and t, these are changed to the corresponding fortes : 



Ld'qauwilqt its blood L^d'wUqt blood 



e'qlL creek t!d' LEma creeks 



uyd' qalE'ptckix' his fire o^o'lEptckix' fire 



Ld'qana its beavers e^e'na beaver 



This change takes place also when the accent remains on the syllable 

 preceding the q, when the vow<?l following the q is short. 

 o'qoL fish-weir oyd'^aL his fish-weir 



These changes mark a phonetic differentiation of Upper and Lower 

 Chinook. In Upper Chinook the q is preserved almost throughout; 

 while in Lower Chinook it tends to be replaced b}^ the glottal stop ^, 

 — when following p and t by the corresponding fortis, — whenever the 

 accents stand after q, or when it is followed by a short syllable, or 

 when it is terminal. 



Kathlamet 



wd'yaq 



zid'paqa 



isEms'lq 



eqe'paqte 



tid'qoii 



tqu'Le 



The process of modification is, however, incomplete, since we find 

 a number of Chinook words that retain the q. 



eqtq head ai'aq quick 



e'cElqcslq porcupine Ltcuq water 



§6 



