boas] handbook of AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 583 



§ 20. The TJiird Person Uufil 



The third person dual has two forms, c- and ct-. ct- is used — 



(1) As intransitive subject preceding a vowel, except e and its 

 representatives. 



Examples of the use of ct-: 



a-ct-o'-y-am they two arrive (a- transitional; ct- third person 



dual; -o- directive; -i stem to go; -am to complete motion) 

 ct-d'qoaiL they two are large 

 Examples of tlie use of c-: 

 c-xela'itx they two remained 



a-CE'x-a-x they two became (a- transitional; -c dual; -x- reflexive; 

 -a- directive before -x; x to be) 



(2) As object of the transitive, when the accent is on the pro- 

 nominal subject. 



Examples of the use of ct-: 



a-tcK'-ct-u-Jc^L he carried their two selves 26.20 (a- transitional; 

 #c- he [transitive] ; -^ carries accent ; f/- them [dual]; -?/- direct- 

 ive ; -Jc^L stem to carry) 

 a-LgE^-ct-a-x it did them two (a- transitional; LgE- neuter sub- 

 ject; -c^- they two) 

 Examples of the use of c-: 

 a-lc-c-d'lx-am she said to these two (a- transitional; k- she; c- they 

 two; -olx to say; -am completive) 



(3) In all possessive forms. 



LE'-ct-a-qco their two selves' hair 77.3 {l- neuter pronoun; -e 

 carries accent ; ct- their [dual] ; -a- vowel following possessive 

 [ § 23] ; -qco stem hair) 



121. The Third Petson mural 



It has been mentioned before that the third person plural before 

 single h sounds, and before adverbial I and n (§ 25), is o- instead of t-. 

 This change occurs both when the pronoun is intransitive subject 

 and when it is first or second object. The transitive subject is 

 always tg-, tk- (see § 19). 

 Plural t-: 



a-t-e' -x-a-x they came to be on him (a- transitional; t- they; 

 e- him; -x indicates that they belonged to him; -a- directive; 

 -X stem TO do, to be) 

 a-tc-E'-t-a-x he did them (a- transitional ; tc- he ; e- carries accent ; 

 -t them ; -a- directive ; -x stem to do) 



§§20,21 



