65^ BUEEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Ib^ll. 40 



gadiq'.EUxi'uha icia'gitcba ya'l^'^cxat/pa wamLlu'xiha they went out 

 through him at his nostrils, at his mouth, and at his ears 28.24 



galu'xuni ycuja'ilpa wl'mal it floated in the great river 48.7 



alxu'ya iva'tcMih' itga'qpuks let us go on the tops of the grass 

 70.26 (literally, the-grass-at its-tops) 

 Observe that the first two examples illustrate its pleonastic use; 

 the nouns yak^cxa't and akni'm have been respectively antici- 

 pated in the verb by the pronominal elements -i- and -a-, 

 while their local relation to the verb is defined by the prefix 

 -k- ON following these elements, -ha is also used with demon- 

 strative stems to form adverbs of place where : da'ha here ; 

 Icwo'ha THERE ; id'xiba yonder. 

 As subordinating element, -ha denotes where; less frequently it 

 indicates cause. It is suffixed either to the verb itself, or, 

 similarly to the case of the modified noun, to an adverb or 

 particle preceding the verb. Examples are: 



ctd'xya i'nadix qla'tsEuha gatccgE'lgElx across yonder (were) the 

 two where he had first seen them 8.10 (literally, first-at 

 he-saw- them) 



galilcto'ptclc gatccgEllcE'lxpa he came to land where he had seen 

 them 8.5 . 



e'wi gali'xox gayaxa'limalxpa he looked back to where he had 

 thrown himself into the water 8.6 



ma'sa gali'xox g.'u'mha gagi'ux he was ashamed because she had 

 disturbed him in his sleep 58.26 (literally, disturb-in-sleep 

 at she-made-him) 

 2. -iamt (often with palataHzed a as -idmt, -iemt) to, from. This 

 suffix is probably Chinookan in origin; it may be plausibly 

 analyzed as verb stem -i- go + verb suffix -am arriving + 

 tense suffix -t. This analysis would explain its two appar- 

 ently contradictory meanings. It tends to draw the accent to 

 itself. Examples are: 



iclcte'lgwiptcJc tvimalia'mt they collected (driftwood) from the 



river 2.2 

 nigslga'ha iciagitcia'mt it flew out of his nostrils 80.29 (liter- 

 ally, out of him from his nostrils) 

 gacx^lc.'wa'x tctoqlia'mt the two returned to their house 2.12 

 gayuklwi'xa ilaxni'miemt he swam to the i)erson's canoe 18.23 

 mxa'tcktcamwimalia'mtgo to the river and wash yourself 22.18 



(literally, go-and-wash-yourself to-the-river) 

 gatclu'JcH itqHid'mt iltcqoa he took the water to the house 28.8 



As subordinating element it may be translated as to where. An 



example of its use after verbs is: 

 §56 



