CHINOOK TEXT 



The Shamans 

 Gita'kikElaP atge'ix^ e'wa^ tmewa'lEiiia/ Ma'nix^ 'aLo'niks," 



Those who have they go thus the ghosts. When three persous, 



power of seeing 



La'newa^ aqLa'x* pat^ giLa'xawok;^" klimta'" aqLa'x^ pat^ 



that cue first ' someone really one who has a last someone really 



makes him guardian spirit; makes him 



g^iLa'xawok;^" ka'tsEk'^ aqLa'x* gianu'kstx^^ iLa'xawok." Aqe'ktaox^^ 



one who has a middle some one one who has his guardian Some one pur- 



guardian spirit; makes him smallness spirit. sues it 



iLa'xanate ^"^ Lka'nax," ma'nix^ e'LatcIa^^ LktVnax.^^ Ma'nix^ 



his life the chief, when his sickness the chief. When 



itca'qlatxala*^ aya'xElax^° qax^^ ue/xatk,^^ aLkto'plEiia^^ La'^ewam^* 



its badness it is on it that trail, he utters it his shaman song 



qo'La^^ La'newa.^ Ma'nix^ e'wa^ kMimta'" itca'q latxala ^'^ aya'xElax^" 



that first one. When thus behind its badness it is on it 



1 -kEl TO SEE, as a transitive verb used with the prefixed element -^7:Z- (§ 25.7); -ki- is introduced to make 

 the stem -kEl intransitive (§ 26.4); terminal -I (with connecting weak vowel al) indicates an action char- 

 acterized by many repetitions (§ 31.7); this compoimd stem kikElal is treated as a masculine noun, power 

 OF SEEING (§ 34.5); this appears as third person plural possessive -to- (§ 23), and is transformed into a per- 

 sonal noun by prefixed g- (§ 17.6). 



2 a- aorist (§ 17.1); tg- third, person plural, special form (§ 19.2) ;ei vowel lengthened under stress of accent; 

 -lusitative (§ 32.11). 



3 e'wa THUS, THEN (§ 44.2.) 



* t- third person plural (§ 21); -mewal ghost, a stem introduced after the older stem -memElost had been 

 tabooed on account of the death of a person whose name contained this word; -ma distributive ending, 

 always used with the stem -mewal (§ 38.2). 



^ ma'nii, temporal conjunction when. 



6 Lon three; -iks plural indicating human l^eings (§ 38.1); a- special plural. 



' -d'newa first; l- neuter pronoun (§ 18). 



^a-aorist,}-, suijjectsoMEONE(§ 18); L- object it (§ 18); -a- directive, for o before J: sound (§ 10); -r stem 

 TO do; contracted with the usitative ending -i (§ 32.11), which has drawn the accent to the last syllable. 



s pat REALLY, adverb. 



M i'kawok guardian spirit; -iA- neuter possessive (§ 23), after which the k changes to x (§ 6.1); g- trans- 

 forms the term into a personal noun (§ 17.6). 



•1 k.'imta' last, afterwards, behind. Adverb, may also be used as noun. 



J2 kd'tsEk middle. Adverb, may also be used as noun. 



w i- nukstx smallness, with possessive pronoun masculine third person, and personifying prefix g- (see 

 notes 1, 10). 



» See note 10. 



15 o- aorist; q- some one; -e him; stem presumably -to^; the preceding fc seems to be adverbial ON 

 (§ 25.3), because when accented it takes the form gE', and because, after o, an o is inserted following it: for 

 instance, aqugo'ta^z 197.15 some one pursues them; the verb has, however, only one object. It never 

 occurs with directive -o-. 



16 i-kand'te life, soul. Neuter possessive (§ 23). See also note 10. 



" i-ka'nax chief, rich man; oko'nax chieftainess (§ 7); ikd'nax indefinite, a chief. 



18 e'-tc!a sickness. Masculine noun; neuter possessive. 



19 e'-q!atxala badness. Masculine noun, feminine possessive, relating to the feminine noun ue'xatk. 



2" Intransitive verb with indirect object; a- aorist; y for i between vowels (§ 17.1), he (namely, bad- 

 ness); a- her (namely, trail); -x- indicates that the badness belongs to the trail (§ 24); -I to (§ 25.1); -a- 

 directive before k sound (§ 10); -x stem to do, to be. 



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