BOAS] HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 695 



8. SO- actions done with the arms (also used as stem). 



sohu' n-bok-tsoia he jumped at to seize in his arms 

 so'-wo-dom hfting in arms 



9. te- actions performed with or upon the foot (also used as stem). 



ie'-as-pin to pull toward one with the foot 

 te'-liul-dom stamping upon 



te'-lap-sito to shove something sharp through the foot 

 te' -yes-ton to step on and mash something soft and wet 

 te'-sin to step out of; i. e., put the foot out from 

 In the case of two of these prefixes, there is apparently a very 

 clear relation to nominal stems — o- with o'no head, and lil~ 

 with Til'hu NOSE. The others show no such connection. 



§ 12. Prefixes Indicating the Shape or Portion of the Agent by which the 

 Action is Performed, or the Character of the Action Itself 



10. hfi-f be-^ bo-f bo-^ bu- actions performed in connection with a 



rounded or massive thing. This series of prefixes is one of 

 the most })uzzling, as they seem on the whole to express 

 but a single idea, yet many of the forms are quite erratic. In 

 this series the influence of vocalic harmony makes itself 

 strongly felt, and there are many instances of sympathetic 

 variation of the vowel in both stem and prefix without 

 change of meaning, as well as cases where the change in vowel 

 of the stem forms a new stem with different meaning. The 

 following examples will make the use of this series of prefixes 

 clear. Only ha- and ho- may stand alone as independent 

 stems, 

 (a) Examples illustrating the regular use of these prefixes : 



ha-da'Jc-dau-dom knocking a board off wall with a rock or hammer 



ha'-pes-ton to crush something soft and wet with fist 



ha'-pol-don to dig up something rounded, as potato, stone 



ha'-yau-Mn to throw a stone through the floor 



ha' -sin to scrape dirt out of a hole 



he'-delc-Jcin to throw a stone downward and pierce something 



he-lce't-sito to throw past; i. e., throw, and not hit 



ho'-dalc-dau-dom knocking something out of a tree with a stone 



ho'-Tcot-dau to cut a snake in two with a heavy rock 



ho'-lolc-don to make a snowball 



ho'-Mn to put down something round or bulky 



ho'-toi-don to bounce up, as a ball, rock 



h'6-le'k-wo-doi-dorn reaching the top of a mountain 



§12 



