BOAS] HANDBOOK OF AMEEICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 705 



43. -hehe only, just. 

 hulu-nan-na-mdni-hehe' only when nearly dark 

 hd-ydk-sip-dom-hehe' only selecting 



44. -poto almost, nearly. 



hata' -poto' -tset nearly catching up with her 



§ 21. SuflB.xes Indicating Number, Iteration, Reciprocity 



45. -to» This suffix, of general and very frequent use, is somewhat 



puzzling. It is used in some cases to indicate iteration; 

 in others, reciprocal action; at times it seems to point to a 

 plural object. It occurs frequently in combination with other 

 suffixes, particularly the directive suffixes. It is also used 

 as a nominal suffix in connection with the reduplicated dis- 

 tributives. Examples of its use in these various ways will 

 show its variability. 



mo'-ton to drink repeatedly (mon to drink) 



yo'Tc-o-ton to strike repeatedly with fist (yo'Jc-on to strike) 



yapai'-to-to-dom talking to each other 



si'mak-to-dom, talking to each other 



Tie'-sas-wai-to-ti-dom causing to fall apart 



tsa'-tsa-to trees 



si-kala-to-to- men-wet not bothering each other 



§ 22. Nominalizing Suffixes 



46. -pe forms nomina actoris, and also indicates place of action. 

 ho'm-jyai-to-pe a fighter (ho'mpaito to fight with the fists) 



mong Jcii'le he'-doi-pem a runner after that woman, one who 

 runs after that woman 



tus-wo' -ye-pe-nun from the standing-place, from where he stood 



o'k-pem maVdu hungry man 

 This use of verbal nouns to take the place of true adjectives 

 is very common in Maidu. Adjectival stems, most intransi- 

 tive verbal stems, and many transitive verbal stems, form 

 verbal nouns of this sort, which are used in place of regular 

 adjectives. In many instances both forms are in use, — the 

 more strictly adjectival and the verbal noun. 



la-la'm-pem tsa, la'-lam-im tsa long stick 



opi't-pem wolo'm, opi't-im wolo'm full basket 



47. -A'o indicates the quality of being or having, and seems to be 



identical with Ico-, the stem of the verb to possess. 



pe'-ko food {pe to eat) 



§§21,22 



44877— Bull. 40, pt 1—10 45 



