728 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull 40 



mako'^* hala'pweten ^^ osi'pindom ^"^ oki'tsoia." Mobe'ikona ^^ 



fish carried having coming out of Arrived, It Her father to 



toward house. is said. 



bohu'isitotsoia.^" Awete'nkan^" bii'sstsoia.^ Bodoi'kinudom" biVsstsoia.^ 



handed over to, Thus having been stayed it is Sitting on ground remained, 



it is said. and said. it is said. 



Ama'm*^ maya'ken" tsai'men" tseme'npe(m)^^ oki'tkotsoia.*® 



That one say they by and by one unseen arriving-quali- 



ty had, it is 

 said. 



Pu'ij^anan " maya'ken^^ oko'koinpintsoia.*^ A'nkanim '*^ maya'ken** 



Outside, from it was head lowered down to- Then it was 



ward, gradually, it is 

 said. 



3< mako' FISH (here objective). 



35 hala'pweten having carried. We have here the use of one of the troublesome prefix-stems, ha-. 

 Taken by Itself, -lap- is a verbal stem signifying to crawl on hands and knees, or to sit, knees on 

 GROUND. Combined with ha-, it means to carry, perhaps to drag, generally by a cord or rope, here 

 carrying fish on a string. The suffix -welen is a temporal suffix meaning after having. 



3i osi' pindom coming out of toward the house. The verbal stem here is 6- to go.^to travel, to 

 which are added two directive suffixes, -si out of (the water), and -pin toward. In -dom we have 

 the regular present participle. 



37 oki'tsoia ARRIVED, came back. Okit- cf. note 31. While this is sometimes heard oki'ttsoia, as a rule 

 the second t is elided. 



38 mobc'ikona her father to. With relationship terms, the simple third personal pronoun is often 

 used in place of the regular possessive case, as here we have mo- instead of moki'. Be'iko father is appar- 

 ently analyzable into be'i-, a stem meaning again, another {be'im again; be'ibo another; be'duki 

 new), and the familiar suffix -ko having the.,quality of possessing. The final suffix -na is the locative 

 suffix meaning toward, expressing the motion of the gift from the girl to her father. 



39 bohil'isitolsoia handed over to, it is said In bo- another of the prefix-stems appears. This usually 

 seems to signify actions done with a bulky or round object. Its application here is obscure, un- 

 less the fist is thought of as a bulky thing, in which the string on which the fish are strung is held. 

 The main stem, -hiii-, is uncertain in its meaning, this being the only place where it occurs. In conjunc- 

 tion with bo-, however, it has the meaning given al)0ve. The suffix -sito is one of the directive verbal 

 suffixes, meaning across, over. 



•«> awete'nkan and after having been thus. All conjunctions, except kan and, are formed in Maidu 

 from the auxiliary verb a to be. Here with the suffix -wete{n) we get the idea of sequence, usually 

 expressed in English by and then. The -kan is, of course, the simple conjunction and. 



<i bodoi'kinudom sitting. In this case the initial syllable bo- is in all probal)ility the same prefix-stem 

 which appeared in bohii'isitotsoia, in this case changed in accordance with some obscure vowel-harmony. 

 bo- as a simple verbal stem means, on the other hand, to blow, as the wind. The prefix-stem bo- here is 

 used as a stem, taking the suffix -doi, a verbal directive meaning upward, and often appears thus without 

 further addition; as bodoi'tsoia he sat. It is not clear how the idea of sitting comes from the elements bo- 

 and -doi, unless we assume that the idea is of a round thing (the knees?) sticking up (as one sits on one's 

 haunches). The suffix (or suffixes) -kinu Is not clear. It is of quite frequent occurrence, but is still uncer- 

 tain, -dom is the usual present participle. 



" amd'm that one (subjective form of the demonstrative). 



<3 mayd'ken it was. This frequently-appearing form seems to be derived from the stem ma- to be, 

 with the suffix -yak-, which indicates past time. 



■<< tsai'men after a while. Derived from tsai another, and the suffix -men,— not the negative, with 

 which it is identical in form, but a suffix indicating time of, which is used in the names of seasons, etc. 

 (yo'men summer, flower-time; ku'mmen winter, earth-lodge-time, i. e., the period during which 

 the people live in the earth-lodges). 



*'tseme'npe{m) one who is not seen. The verbal stem here is ^se- to see, with the negative suffix 

 -men, and the -pe of the nomen actoris. It would seem to mean, therefore, one not seeing, but is em- 

 phatically declared, in this instance, to be passive. No formal distinction of the passive has yet been 

 noted in Maidu. 



*^oki'tkdtsoia had the quality of arriving, it is said (from okit- to arrive, to reach; cf. note 

 31). The use of the suffix -ko has already been sufficiently explained. 



" pui'yanan from outside; pui'ya means, in general, the outside, without the house. The suffix 

 -nan is the usual locative, meaning from, away from. 



<» oko'koinpintsoia lowered head little by little down toward, it is said. In this instance we 

 have the use of the prefix o- indicating actions done with the head. The verbal stem is -koi-, meaning to 

 LOWER, TO depress (koitsouo- TO SET, as the sun, i. e., to go down over the edge of the world). The 

 reduplication of the stem here indicates that the action took place slowly at intervals. The suffix -pin 

 is directive, meaning toward The n before the p is probably phonetic. 



« a'nkanim then. This is a connective formed from the stem o- and the suffix -kanim, meaning to 



FINISH, complete AN ACTION. 



