BOAS] HANDBOOK OP AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 749 



Sound- Changes (§§ 8-12) 



§ 8. Accretion 



In the course of word-formation, phonetic elements are taken on 

 that have the impress of mere accretions. The additions are the 

 result of various causes: some are due to reduplication; some to 

 accent; and others act as glides between vowels, and as connectives 

 between unrelated portions of a word-group. Instances of the accre- 

 tion of some of these phonetic elements are next to be shown. 



Syllabic Accretion 



A syllable, usually in the initial position, is sometimes repeated by 

 another which precedes and maintains the same vowel-sound. The 

 repetition is in fact a reduplication : 



i'ni wa.ydtu'(jeme^y^ and so in truth it may have been, for I'ni 



It is not always clear whether some accretions are but glides pass- 

 ing from one sound to another, or only additions to aid in maintaining 

 stress-accent on a particular syllable. The syllable Tiu is a frequent 

 accretion in dependent words, and occurs immediately after the tem- 

 poral article a: 



ahugu'^TcahigdwdHc^ when they made a bridge is the conjunc- 

 tive for hu'']cahigdWA^g^ they made a bridge 



d\mke' piskwdtawdJioniweHc^ which they used as a flap over 

 THE ENTRY-WAY [cf. 354.22] is a subordinate form of he'jpis- 

 l"wdtawd'hdnAmd^g^ they used it for a flap over the 



ENTRANCE 



[I am convinced that hu is not a glide nor an addition to maintain 

 the stress-accent on a particular syllable, but is to be divided into 

 7i-u, in which ^ is a glide, but u a morphological element. In proof 

 of this I submit the following: There is an initial stem wlgi to 

 DWELL (wlge also; cf. Mwe beside Mwi [§16]). Thus wlgiw^ he 

 dwells 220.22 {-w"' §28) . Observe that we have wihuwlgewdtc^ where 

 they were to live 56.5 (future conjunctive, §29) beside ahum^ewa^c 

 where they lived 56.23 {ior -wdtc^; aorist conjunctive, §29) ; dhuiingi- 

 wdtc^ WHERE THEY LIVED 94.21; dhuwigiydg where we (excl.) were 

 LIVING 216.1 (aor. conj. §29); ahu^y^^^^c where helived 42.20 (§29); 

 dhuvnginitc^ where he was staying 182.8 ( §34) . That is to say, hu is 



