BOAS] 



HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 



849 



of the action of the verb will be omitted; if expressed, it would be in 

 the nominative. 



dliine\c} ne'niw a'w^ he was told by the man 

 afliine\c} ne'riiwa^'' he was told by the men 

 d'hine\c^ ne'niwAhV they were told by the man 

 d'Jiine'tQ} ne'iiiwa^'^ they were told by the men 

 d'ndwu\& i' 'Icwdw A^n^ she was seen by the woman 

 d'ndwu\c^ i''kwdwa^''- she was seen by the women 

 d'ndw\i\& i'^liwawxii^ they were seen by the woman 

 d'ndwu'i& i''A'wawa^'' they were seen by the women 



§ 42. Syntactic Forms of the Substantive 



Substantives have forms to distinguish gender, number, and four 

 case-relations. The case-relations are the nominative, the vocative, 

 the locative, which is the case of spacial and temporal relations, and 

 the objective. All these forms are expressed b}' suffixes. They are 

 thus shown in the followinjr table: 



Animate. 



Sinsrular. 



Nominative 



Vocative . -e, -i 



Locative -gi 



Objective \ -a, -ni 



•tige 

 -nigini 

 -gi, -i 



Inanimate. 



Singular. 



(-f ). -i 

 -we, -c, -gi 



Plural. 



-ni 



-ni (-ne) 



-gini 



-ni 



These forms will be shov.n with two nouns, — A'aagw"- star, and 



A'sen^ STONE. 



There is no difference of form between the objective and some forms 

 of the possessive. Thus: 



o'sATi'' his father (animate) 

 u'wlc^ his head (inanimate) 



§ 42 

 44877°— Bull. 40, pt 1—10 54 



