866 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 40 



adjuncts, some have great freedom of position, and others have not 

 that freedom. Among the adverbs of free position are those express- 

 ing time. 



I'nug^ af^'pyaya'n^ to-day was when I came 

 fyd'w°' a'cawaHy^ he came long while ago 

 askA'tclma''^ ni'py"' by and by I will come 



Other adverbs are less free as to position. Such are those that do 

 the double office of prepositions and conjunctions. 



ne''kAni 'pe'i^on^ during the whole year 

 ne''kAn WpematesiHc^ during all the time that he lived 

 a'ya'pwa V nd'walcwa'g^ before noon ; before mid-day 

 a'ya'pwaw' pydHc^ before he came 



These limited adverbs occurring in first position really perform the 



office of initial stems. The following examples show adverbs in 



composition with secondary stems : 



tcl'gepyd^g^ at the edge of the water 

 akwitApalcwi on top of the lodge 



Some adverbs express a modal sense, and have the force of either 

 a clause or a sentence. 



kaci^itoV' of course it is true (said in answer to a question) 

 ksJll/fir itoSv' I don't care what happens; it makes no difference 

 ma'satci pyd'w'' he had a hard time getting here 



The qualifying force of some adverbs is so extensive as to make 

 them into conjunctives. Amongst their many values as conjunctives 

 are — • 



General connectives : 

 nd"'k°' AND, as — 



H'rwi na"kAm'ri« thou and I 

 ce'wdn"' but, in which an objection is implied, as — 



dtci'mohd^p^ ce'wana wa'tiiM^w"' he was told, but he forgot 



Introductives : 



naJii' WELL, I SAY, as — 



nahi', mates o'^Tcdnd^'W — — well, I will tell the story of 



him 



IcaM, with much the same meaning and use as naW 

 TcA'cind^"^ why! how now! as — 



ka'cina'S d'gwindgwai'yAuVn^ why, thou hast not gone yet! 

 JcA'cind^gw'' is much like JcA'dnd^^ 

 §53 



