880 BUREAU OF AMEEICAN ETHNOLOGY [bdll. 40 



The Ponca material has been gleaned from a study of J. Owen Dor- 

 sey's work, The ^'egiha Language (Contributions to North American 

 Ethnology, vol. vi^). The Winnebago material is based on the unpub- 

 lished collections of Mr. Paul Radin. The notes on ])oth of these 

 dialects have been written by F. Boas. Page references in the sections 

 describing Santee and Ponca refer to the publications by Riggs and 

 Dorsey referred to before. 



PHONETICS (§.§2-4) 



§ 2. System of Sounds 



Since Riggs, in his grammar and dictionarj^ does not distinguish 

 the aspirates and surd stops, which were first discovered by J. Owen 

 Dorsey and which are of such frequent occurrence in American lan- 

 guages, we give here the description of the Teton as obtained by 

 Doctor Swanton. In order to preserve as nearly as possible the usage 

 employed in printing Dakota books, Riggs's alphabet has been adhered 

 to; hut p\ k\ t\ and c' have been added to designate the aspirates of 

 the corresponding surds. Doctor Swanton also distinguishes a fortis 

 s and s; a is an obscure vowel, related to short o and e. 



TABLE OF SOUNDS OF TETON 



CONSONANTS 



iStoD.s Coiitiitiied 



W 



COCO'') t-iCKCOfcl 121 



Labial ■ . . . . 1) 2^ P V. ~ ~ ~ ^'*^ 



Dental d t f t s s s n I - 



Dorso-palatal ___ ______y 



Affricatives - c c' c ----- - 



Alveolar ----zss--- 



Palatal (/ k /f' Jc ----- - 



Velar g - - (f) - ]i - - - - 



Open breathing ____^_____ 



Pure . 



Nasalized 



'See F. Boas, Notes on the Ponka Grammar (Congres International des Americanistes, xv^ session, 

 Quebec, 1907, vol. II, pp. 317-337). 



§2 



