938 



BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[bull. 40 



■I. When it is desired to express motion to tlie situation which 

 demonstrative adverbs and post-positions indicate, -I is suf- 

 fixed: viz., 



aka'nl on to 

 elia'nl 1 



heha'nl] 



aka"^' on 



leha^' [then something was 



heha'^'] 



toha'^' when (state) 



feha'^' for a long- time or over 

 a long space, more often the 

 former 



eca'^' then 



toha'nl when (something is 

 done; e. g., under one's own 

 volition) 



toka'nl into the middle 



teha'nl over a long space 

 somebody passed 



ec'a'nl then (something was 

 done) 

 5. -na» Some adverbs appear to have a separate suffix, -w«, for 

 the stationary form, but it is probably onlj^ an adverb meaning 

 THERE, which never occurs independently. 



, [here (something was) ,^' mere (something went) 



U 



7 , [there (something was) 

 ka'na\ ^ *= ' 



e€e'na Ibeing in this condi- 



lece'na] tion 



hece'na Ibeing in that con- 



ka'Vena) dition 



hU 



-. , [there (something went) 

 7 /'<-<7(going along in this wa}^ 



to'Uena being in an indefinite to'k'el going along in that indefi- 

 condition nite way 



I have tried to translate these rather in accordance with the evident 

 intent than in the most literal manner, the}" being among the 

 hardest words in Dakota to render properly. 

 6. 'ta TO, AT, or into, is possibly identical with the -I just consid- 

 ered, into which it would change according to the laws of 

 euphony. 



Examples: 



malca'ta to the ground wana' giya' ta to the spirit land 



tiya'ta to the lodge toka'ta to the middle 



tolca'ta in future wazi'yata at the north 



wa^ha'taki'ya upward oliAla'teya under 



§41 



