944 BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 40 



Ixf-e fd mmJce I who will go 13.4 



pi t'd niink'e I who will arrive there 496.2 



Pdi^i^ 7vi¥agdhi nank'dse ye who are Pawnee chiefs 085.2 



It would seem that these forms correspond to the Dakota verbs 

 yan/b'a, wanJod. 

 wi'^ (HI) denotes the indetinite article. 

 saa'^' IV l'^ a Dakota 367. 8 

 niasi^ga ivi^ a person 267.1 

 wa^u vi"^ a woman 166.1 

 f a'^wang4a'^ tangdlifi w!^ a very birge villao-e 166.14 



§43. Demonstrative Pronouns 



The demonstrative pronouns proper are e^ le, he, ka, and to. The 

 first of these always refers to something that has just been said, 

 and its use is more syntactic than local; le corresponds very nearly 

 to English this, and he to English that; but when an object is 

 very remote, the proper form is hi. to indicates that what is re- 

 ferred to is indefinite; and it would not have been classed as a 

 demonstrative had it not been employed in a manner absolutely par- 

 allel with that of the other demonstratives. Plurals are formed for 

 all of these by suffixing -nn. 



The demonstratives are employed regularly as prefixes to the verbs 

 meaning to say, to think, and to do. 



to say e'l/a Ic' ya he' ya l^e'ya (not found) 



to think ecl^' leci'^' hec i^' l-e'ci'^ to'k'i'^' 

 to do ecd^' lec()^' hec'o'^' 'kak\ d^' to¥o'^' 



The forms with e are used after the statement of what is said, thought, 

 or done; and the forms with le or he., before. l:eya'j)i they say is em- 

 ployed like a quotative, though there is a true quotative skU^. The 

 element to occurs rarely with these verbs. 



In addition to these forms, there is a syllable t^e.^ meaning far in 

 space or time, which is emploj^ed in an analogous manner. 



fe'ha'^ a long time 



fehanl far , 



The definite article hl'^ is probably formed from the demonstrative 

 ^a by rendering the phonetic change to i^ permanent. To indicate 

 something which happened in the past or some person or thing 

 spoken of in the past, this article takes the form Tco'^ or ciko'^\ but 

 the latter rarely in Teton (see § 42). 



§43 



