952 BUEEAtJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 4.0 



ma'za wah^a^' supernatural iron (i. e., gun) 



su^'ka wak'a'^' supernatural dog (i. e., horse) 



ma'za waha' ca'^'lu iron shield 



wicltegAle'ya raccoon (literally, spotted face) 



tafa^'lia buffalo bull (literally, big ta) 



wic a'Ucala old man (very much of a male) 



wi^ci^'cala girl (literally, female child) 



Uupa' waTcigAkikela bat (literally, little leather wings) 



■p^asu' nose (literally, head-seed) 



wica'ho human voice 



TriAni' waUa^' supernatural water (i. e., whisky) 



nna'zawa^hi' osta'^'pi iron arrow-head fitted in (i. e. , flintlock gun) 



wic'o'fi many lodges (where people go after death [literally, in 



them they live]) 

 ta'Uca deer (literally, true ta) 

 wino'^'Jica old woman (very much of a female) 

 hefia'ia elk (literally, branching [Jia'ta] horns [he] ) 



In those descriptive terms which contain a substantive and adjective, 

 the latter may be regarded equally well as a verb. Many other 

 nouns, however, are taken from verbs (or adjectives) in a much more 

 direct manner, as follows: * 



kaJiAjni' an inside corner, a bend; verb the same, meaning to 



BEND BY STRIKING 



olo'wa^ song (from lo'ioa'^ to sing) 



telii'ka hardship (from te'Ui hard) 



woc^ a^' tesica sorrow (from caHe' heart, and sUca bad) 



oi'yokpaza darkness (from I'pa'za it is dark) 



wama'Uakha^ animals (from TnaT^a' earth, and sha to move; i. e., 



things moving on the earth) 

 wica' gAiiakapi or gAnaka' pi burial-scaffold (from gAna'ka to lay 



up) 

 ohu'^'kaFa'^ myth (from hitu'"' kak' a"^ to tell tales) 

 Ula'lila rattle or bell (from lila to rattle) 

 waki^' a pack of goods (from H" to carry) 

 waki^'ya^ the thunder-bird (from ki^ya^ to fly) 



Verbs ending in «, when they become substantives, sometimes 



change the a into e: 



aVa'Up'^a to cover ak^a'lip^e covering 



e'ya to say oe'ye a saying, verse, sentence 



waa' td^wa'^ to be observing tvaa'toHoe an observer 



waa'skap'^a to stick on waa'skap'^e a sticking-plaster 



a'p'a to strike oa'p'^e strokes, beatings 



obAla'ya it is flat ohAla'ye a level place or prairie 



V<yya'ka to have on wok^oya'ke clothing 

 §48 



