BOAS] HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES 981 



not rounded and there is no raising of the back surface of the 

 tongue. V) is the \p] of the Association phonetique interna- 

 tionale (Passy, 1. c, § 210; Jespersen, 1. c, § 125). 



awaa the back part of the head 

 sawik iron, knife 



X the p of the Association phonetique Internationale, see under c. It 

 stands also for the x of the Association (Passy, 1. c, § 221;. 

 Thalbitzer I, 86-87). 

 axxertoq (Central and South Greenland, Labrador) approaching 



u between \^i\ and [y] in French jour and rue, German fruh; mid- 

 vowel with slight lip-rounding. Occurs especially between 

 5, n^j^ t; for example: 



toyosunnippoq it is sweet (to taste) 

 toossut a beam of the house 

 nujuittoq tame, not shy 

 itiiippoq goes across 



Y is related to il as i to «', u to ii. 



su7ia [sYTid] what 

 tuttut {trttYt] reindeer 



z voiced s, occurs rarely, if ever, in the Eskimo dialects (Thalbitzer I, 

 209, 215). 



§3. Accent and Quantity 



In the Eskimo language two or more long sounds may follow each 

 other in a word without being shortened. Every sound of the lan- 

 guage, whether consonant or vowel, may be short or long (geminated), 

 apart from the fact that the voiced consonants, in case they are length- 

 ened, become unvoiced (the nasals onl}'^ excepted). The combination 

 of the sounds being thus entirely independent of their quantity , four 

 types of combinations are possible, and do occur (the same, e. g., as in 

 Finnish): 



(1) Short vowel -\- short consonant, as in n una land. 



(2) Short vowel + long consonant, as in manna this. 



(3) Long vowel + short consonant, as in maane here. 



(4) Long vowel + long consonant, as in maanna now. 



§3 



