1054 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 40 



inflectional form, but must be deduced from the connection. If the 

 Eskimo wants to say i have a large kayak, this may be expressed 

 in one word, because there are suffixes to denote large {ssuaq), haa^e 

 {<^ar[poq]), and i {ya, 7'a); but i have a red kayak must be expressed 

 in two words, because there are no special suffixes to signify colors, 

 so that the idea red must be isolated and expressed by an independent 

 word. The former sentence is expressed by qajarssuaqarpoya (kayak- 

 large-have-i) ; the latter by aa^'palaartumik qajaqarpoya; here the 

 first part (red) is a participle of the verb aa^jjalaarpoq it is red, 

 used in the instrumental is {-mil:), so that the whole phrase translated 

 literally means red (or redly) kayak-have-i, very much as one 

 would say i row quickly in a kayak. 



§ 56. Classes of Derivative Suffixes 



The suffixes are divided into two classes, according to their use. 

 Some are employed to transform the nominal or ver))al quality of 

 the independent words, so that nouns are turned into v^erbs, and verbs 

 into nouns; others, merely to further develop the independent words 

 by enriching them with attributive ideas, but without transforming 

 their nature. Thus it may be seen, in regard both to the suffixes and 

 to the initial stems, that a distinction may be drawn between nouns 

 and verbs, nominal and verbal suffixes, and consequently four funda- 

 mental types of arrangement may be observed, and symbolized thus: 



y>V— V; i. e., a noun transformed by a verbal suffix, and so forming 

 a verb: 



ZLLoa. house + -liorpoq makes, tLndiorpoq he builds a house 

 builds 



pujoq smoke + -sunnippoq it pujorsunnippoq it has the smell or 



has a smell or taste of taste of smoke 



ameq skin + -erpaa deprives ameerpaa takes the skin off it, 



it of something skins it (e. g., the seal) 



nassuk horn + -miyarpaa nassiiTniyarpaa horns him, butts 



makes a motion with a part him 

 of his body toward some- 

 thing 



V>rt=K; i. e., a verb transformed by a noun suffix, and so making 

 a noun: 



tikipjyoqia'YiYQf^ -[- -qat{e) Qon\- tlkerqataa his arrival-companion, 

 panion + -a his his fellow-traveller 



§56 



