STEVENSON.] RAIN CEREMONIAL. 79 



the corresponding symbolic figures of the cloud and lightning people. 

 A boy of 8 years of age, who lay sleeping as the writer entered 

 the room, was aroused to take his position in the line, and a boy of 4 

 years, who had been sleeping upon a sheepskin, spread on the iioor be- 

 tween two of the women, was led from the room by one of them, as he 

 had not entered the degree when he might hear the songs and see the 

 making of the medicine water. 



The women formed right angles with the line of men, four sitting on 

 the north side of the room and four on the south side. The elder 

 female member sat at the west end of the line on the north side of the 

 room. The men wore breechcloths of white cotton ; the honaaite and 

 the ti'iimoni wore embroidered Tusayan kilts for breechcloths. The 

 hair was done up as usual, but no headkerchief was worn. The boy 

 and men held oh'-shi-ekats (gourd rattles) in their right hands and 

 hi'-.shii-mi (two eagle plumes) in the left. 



The women were attired in their black wool dresses, the calico gown 

 being discarded, and red sashes, wearing the conventional cue and 

 bang. The neck and arms were exposed and the feet and lower limbs 

 were bare. Each woman held two wands of turkey plumes in the 

 right hand, and both men and women wore numerous strings of coral 

 and kohaqua beads with bunches of turkis (properly earrings) attached 

 pendent to the necklaces. 



The ceremonial opened with the rattle and song, the women accom- 

 panying the men in the song. After a short stanza, which closed, as 

 all the stanzas do, with a rapid manipulation of the rattle, the second 

 stanza was almost immediately begun, when the vicar (PI. xvii) stand- 

 ing before the altar shook his rattle for a moment and then waved it in 

 a circle over the altar. He repeated this motion six times, for the car- 

 dinal points, and returned to his seat before the closing of the stanza. 

 The circle indicated that all the cloud people of the world were invoked 

 to water the earth. 



On the opening of the third stanza all arose and the honaaite reach- 

 ing over the altar took a yaya in either hand, he having previously 

 laid his rattle and eagle plumes by the altar. This stanza was sung 

 with great vivacity by the men, who swayed their bodies to the right 

 and left in rhythmical motion, while the women waved their wands 

 monotonously. The movement of the arms of both the men and women 

 was from the elbow, the upper arms being apparently pinioned to the 

 sides; there was no raising of the feet, but simply the bending of the 

 knees. 



At the close of the stanza, which continued thirty minutes, the 

 h6naaite gave a weird call for the cloud people to gather; all, at the same 

 instant, drew a breath from their plumes and took their seats. A wo- 

 man then brought a vase of water and gourd from the northeast corner 

 of the room and placed it in front of the altar. (PL xvi.) In a moment 

 the song was resumed, and the yani-'si-wittaiii (maker of medicine 



