TURNER.] THE PEOPLE. 179 



peculiar rattle as the wearer walks aloug. Their boots are noticeably 

 different from those made by the Koksoak river people, inasmuch as the 

 soles are often made with strijjs of sealskin thongs sewed on a false 

 sole, which is attached to the under surface of the sole proper. The 

 strips of thong are tacked on by a stout stitch, then a short loop is 

 taken up, and another stitch sews a portion of the remainder of the strip. 

 This is continued until the entire under surface consists of a series of 

 short loops, which, when in contact with the smooth ice, prevents the 

 foot from slipping. This sort of footgear is not made in any other por- 

 tion of the district. 



The third subdivision comprises the Innuit dwelling on the eastern 

 shore of Hudson bay, between latitudes 53° and 58°. 



The number of these Innuit could not be definitely ascertained, as 

 they trade, for the most part, at Fort George, belonging to the Moose 

 district. Each year, however, a party of less than a dozen indiviuals 

 journey to Fort Chimo for the purpose of bartering furs and other val- 

 uables. Those who come to Fort Ohimo are usually the same each year. 

 In language they differ greatly from the Koksoak Innuit, inasmuch as 

 their speech is very rapid and much harsher. Many of the words are 

 quite dissimilar, and even where the word has the same sound it is not 

 unusual that it has a meaning more or less different from that used by 

 the Koksoak Innuit. As these people have been long under the advice 

 and teachings of the missionary society of Loudon, it is to be expected 

 that they, especially those nearer the trading station, are more or less 

 influenced by its teachings. Their customs differ somewhat from the 

 other Innuit, though this is due in a great measure to the impossibility 

 of procuring the necessary food, and skins for garments, unless they 

 are constantly scouring the plains and hills for reindeer or the shore 

 for seals and other marine creatures. 



These people are called by their neighbors and themselves I'tivi' 

 myut, Iti'vuk signifies the other, farther, distant side (of a portion of 

 laud); hence, the word Itivimyut means people of the other side. 

 The northern Itivimyut are probably the most superstitious of all the 

 Innuit dwelling in the region under consideration. 



Although the missionaries have devoted considerable energy to the 

 work of converting these people, and though many of them profess 

 Christianity, these professions prove on examination to be merely 

 nominal. As soon as the converts are beyond the teacher's influence, 

 they return to the shaman for guidance. 



In the spring of 1883 a party of these people visited Fort Ohimo, 

 A great number of the Koksoak people were ill, some 30 miles above 

 the station. The visitors had among them a shaman renowned through- 

 out the land. He, with the connivance of two or three of the people 

 with whom he stopped, began some of the most astonishing intrigues 

 to dispel the evil spirit afflicting the people. Several men were parted 

 fronl their wives, and these were compelled to dwell with other men 



