380 A STUDY OF SIOUAN CULTS. 



dn'baha W cti falia"'-iia"i. ' " xade' ui'ff' tln'baha uafika'c?, 



io four the ton they usually Wlience the wind in tour ye whoaie 



places pray (to)" is sent hither ( ?) places 



i"wiri'i[a"i-ga." Ga°' gage'gi([-,a"'i ni'aci"'ga uke'fi" ama', Wakau'da 



help ye me and theyspeakinthat Imliau ordinary thepl. Walianda 



maimer to (one) sal). 



•wa'((aba"i te'di. " The Indians used to invoke various objects, iuclud- 



they pray to when 

 "tneni 



iug the mountains, saying, 'O, all ye mysterious powers, I ask a favor 

 of you ! ' They prayed to the ground, saying, ' O, you who are the 

 ground! May I tread you a little while longer!' 1. e., ' May my life on 

 earth be prolonged!' When one prayed to the four winds, he would 

 say, ' Ho, ye four winds, help me ! ' Thus did speak when they prayed 

 to the Wakaudas." — (George Miller.) 



THE WINDS AS WAKANDAS. 



§ 33. The Omaka and Ponka invoked the winds, as has been stated in 

 part of the preceding section. See also the statement of Samuel Fre- 

 mont (§137).! 



In preparing for the pipe dance the tobacco pouch, two gourd rattles, 

 and the ear of corn have a figure drawn on each of them with green 

 paint; it is the cross, indicating the four quarters of the heavens or the 

 four winds.^ 



KANSA SACRIFICE TO THE WINDS. 



" In former days the Kansa used to remove the hearts of slain foes 

 and put them in the fire as a sacrifice to the four winds. Even now 

 (1882) offerings are made to every Wakanda by the Kansa, to the power 

 or powers above, to those under the hills, to the winds, the thunder- 

 being, the morning star, etc. As Ali"kawahu and Paha°legaqli are 

 Yata men (i. e., members of gentes camping on the left side of the tribal 

 circle), they elevate their left hands and begin at the left with the 

 east' wind, then they turn to the south wind, then to the west wind, 

 and finally to the north wind, saying to each, 'Ga-tc6, Wakau'da, 

 mik'ii' eyau',' i. e., ' O Wakanda, I really give that to you.' In former 

 days they used to pierce themselves with knives and splinters of wood, 

 and otter small pieces of their flesh to the Wakandas." ' 



OSAGE CONSECRATION OF MYSTIC FIREPLACES. 



The author considers that the following statement of the Osage chief, 

 3iahi5jewa;ayiujia (of the Tsiou Wactaj[e gens), refers to the invoca- 

 tion of the four winds. It appears to have been associated with fire 

 or hearth worship. Whenever a permanent village of earth lodges was 



1 For au account of the offering of meat to the four winds, see Om. Soc, 3d Ann. Rept., Bur. £thn., 

 p. 284. 



■'See Miss A. C. Fletcher on the " Wawaji or Pipe Dance of the Omahas," Kept. Peahody Museum. 

 Vol. III. p. 311, note 11, and the author's paper. Om. Soc, pp. 278, 279. 



'Paha"le-gaqli and Waqube-k'i" gave this information in the winter of 1882-'83. Compare the self- 

 inflicted tortures of the Dakota and Ponka in the sun dance (55 29. 181-3, 185, 187). 



