DORSET.! ANIMALS AS WAKAXTAS. 425 



times say tli.it the god who lives iu the water has taken him for a serv- 

 ant. Not a year since, some Iowa went over the river for meat. A 

 young girl sat down in the canoe with her load on her back. When 

 near the shore the canoe was upset accidentally, and the girl was 

 drowned. The men thought that they heard a god halloo in the water, 

 nnd that he had taken her. One told me that the gods of the air (i. e. 

 the Thunder-beings) fought the gods of the water, and when the latter 

 came out of the water, the former stole upon them and killed them." 



The subterranean and subaquatic powers are called "waktceqi" by 

 the Winnebago, and this tribe has a gens called Wnktceqi ikikara- 

 tcada. The Winnebago say that the waktceqi dwell under the gi-ouud 

 and the high blutfs, and in subterranean water, that they are caused 

 to uphold the earth, trees, rivers, etc., and that they are the enemies 

 of the Thunder-beings (§ 38G). In the Winnebago Waktceqi gens are 

 the following personal names: Black Waktceqi, White Waktceqi, 

 Green Waktceqi, "Waktceqi that is sa"" (which may be gray or 

 brown). Four Horned Male, Two Horned Male, and Lives in the Hill. 



ANIMALS AS WAKANTAS. 



§ 78. Mr. Hamilton wrote that the Iowa often spoke about the bufta- 

 loes, whom they regarded as gods, addressing them as " Crrandfathers." 

 He also told of a doctor whom he met one day; the doctor seized a 

 joint-snake that was handed him by another doctor, calling it his "god," 

 spoke of it as being good medicine, and after putting its head into his 

 mouth, he bit it twice. 



APOTHEOSES. 



§ 79. "They also seem to think that human beings may become gods, 

 and in this resiiect they are like the Mormons." 



DWELLINGS OF GODS. 



§ 80. " High rocks are supposed by the Iowa to be the dwellings of 

 gods." "There is a Winnebago tradition that a woman cai'rying her 

 child was running from her enemies, so she jumped doVru a steep place 

 and was turned into a rock. And now when they pass that place they 

 make oil'erings to her." 



WORSHIP. 



§ 81. " One ot their most common acts of worship, and apparently one 

 of daily occurrence, is observed when a person is about to smoke his 

 pipe. He looks to the sky and says, 'Wakanta, here is tobacco!' (See 

 §§ 29, 40, 'Nini bahai te.') Then he pufts a mouthful of smoke up 

 towards the sky, after which he smokes as he pleases." "They also 

 make offerings of tobacco by throwing a small quantity into the fire." 



