DOKSEV.) COLORS IN PERSONAL NAMES. 533 



able man sitting above" and to the " venerable man below lying ou bis 

 back." (§ 27.) 



In the trailition of the Tsi.iu wactajje gens of the Osage there is an 

 account of the finding of four kinds of rocks, black, blue or green, red, 

 and white. And from the left hind legs of four buffalo bulls there 

 droi)iicd to the ground four ears of corn and four pumpkins.' The corn 

 and j)umpkin from the first buffalo were red, those from the second were 

 spotted, those from the third were cade, i. e., dark or distant-black, and 

 those from the fourth were white. 



Green, black, white, and gray are the traditional colors of the ances- 

 tral wolves, according to the Wolf people of the Winnebago, though for 

 "green" we may substitute "blue," as the corresponding name for the 

 first son in that gens is Blue Sky. Among the personal names in the 

 Thunder-being subgens of the Winnebago are the four color names. 

 Green Thunder-being, Black Thunder-being, White Thunder-being, and 

 Yellow Thunder-being (instead of Gi-ay). James Alexander, a member 

 of the Wolf gens, said that these four Thunder-being names did not 

 refer to the four quarters. This seems probable, unless white be the 

 Winnebago color for the east and gray or yellow that for the west. 



In ISTovember, 1893, more than two years afte!- the preceding sentence 

 was written, a Winnebago told the author that among his people white 

 was associated with the north, red with the west, and green with the 

 south. Of these he was certain. He thought that Jalue was the color 

 for the east, but he was not positive about it. 



COLORS IN PERSONAL NAMES. 



§ 382. The following shows the color combinations in a list of forty- 

 six objects taken from the census schedules of the Dakota, Hidatsa, 

 and Mandau tribes (LT. S. Census of 1880), the lists of Dakota names 

 given in the Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, pp. 

 175, 177-180, and the list of Winnebago names collected by the author. 

 Blue or green (chiefly blue), 26; red, 2.5; black, 31; yellow, 30; scai-let, 

 38; white, 37; gray, IS; saij or distant- white (whitish), 4; rusty-yellow 

 or brown (gi), IS; spotted, 17; and striped, 8. Objects combined with 

 two colors, 7; with three colors, 7; with four colors, 4; with five colors, 

 5 ; with six colors, 5 ; with seven colors, 6 ; with eight colors, 6 ; with 

 nine colors, 5 ; with ten colors, 1 ; with all eleven colors, none. It should, 

 however, be remembered that the lists consulted did not contain all the 

 personal names of the Siouan tribes which have been mentioned, and 

 that it is probable there would be found more color combinations if all 

 the census schedules were accessible. We can not say whether each of 

 the colors (including spotted and striped) has a mystic significance in 

 the Siouan mind. Perhaps further study may show that red (sa) and 

 scarlet (duta, luta) have the same symbolic meaning, and rusty-yellow 

 (gi) may be an equivalent of yellow (zi). 



'Osage Traditions, in 6th An. Kept. Bur. Ethn., p. 378. 



