IIOL.MKS] 



ABOKIGINAL AMERICAN ANTIQUITIES PART I 



287 



4. INDIRECT I!EST PEIK'USSION 



(a) Fracture b}^ means of a punch of bone or other like material, 

 driven by a hammer, the stone shaped being at rest. 



(7>) Cliipping by placing the thin edge of the stone to be shaped 

 on an anvil and tapping it from above with a hammer. 



Diroct Froc-hantl 

 I'erciiRsion 



Fio. 144. Froe-hand fracture of a bowlder with a bowlder hammer. Figure from the 

 Piney Braueh quarry group in the National Museum. 



Probably the most gonerally i^racticed of the fracture shaping 

 processes in which the stone hammer was employed 

 is that referred to as the direct free-hand method. 

 Traces of its employment are found in nearly all 

 parts of the habitable world. In its practice the stone to be shaped, 

 necessarily small, was held in one hand, usually the left, and frac- 

 tured by a hammer of suitable shape and hardness, hafted or un- 

 hafted, held in the other hand (lig. 114). It has the special advan- 

 38657°— 19— Bull. GO, pt i •2\) 



