82 OUR CONSTITUTIONAL SHIPPING POLICY. 



time nation without a marine of its own for its own foreign trade — ^its 

 commerce " passive " — is not an independent power. Once we were potent 

 on the ocean, and led the world in navigation. Now inferiority, subordi- 

 nation, dependency, are words descriptive of our status. Our unprotective 

 policy is blamable for this. So are the statesmen who continue it. 



DISCUSSION. 



The Chairman: — There is nothing further for us to consider this afternoon, 

 only I again remind you of the banquet and also remind you of commencing early 

 to-morrow morning and sticking to the five-minute rule in discussion. The meet- 

 ing stands adjourned until to-morrow morning at lo o'clock. 



Friday, November i8, 1910. 



Members began to assemble at 10 A. M., pursuant to adjournment. 



The President took the chair and called the meeting to order at 10.30 A. M. 



The Chairman: — I am very gald to see, gentlemen, that the arduous dis- 

 cussions of yesterday did not tire you all out, and that you are here to resume the 

 papers of to-day. We would have started promptly at ten o'clock, had it not been 

 for a very important meeting of the Council which had to be held at that time. 



The first paper this morning is "An Analysis of Tests of Water-tight Bulk- 

 heads with Practical Rules and Tables for Their Construction," by Professor 

 WilUam Hovgaard, Member. I am happy to say Professor Hovgaard still lives, 

 in spite of reports to the contrary. 



