6 UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN SHIP CONSTRUCTION 
assigned by groups to different problems. Thus, as already pointed out, when the 
more laborious work comes along, such as subdivision and flooding calculation, 
several men can work together on one design, each one working out certain phases 
independently, yet together finishing a complete calculation. 
No work is repeated that has already been covered; thus stability curves, dis- 
placement sheet, launching calculations, propeller design, etc., which have been 
treated earlier in the course, are not repeated here, although the stability under 
various conditions of loading is covered. Coefficients and data from good practice 
are introduced and the student taught to apply these to his design. 
A fair amount of attention is devoted to structural details in the senior year, 
but the main point desired is to have the student grasp the whole problem of ship 
design. A thorough knowledge of details and methods of construction can only 
be acquired by actual experience in the shipyard. 
Both here and throughout the college course special attention is given to the 
economic features of ship design and operation. In ship design the layout of the 
hatches and cargo handling gear is studied for shortening the detention of a ship 
in port, and the relation of size and speed of a ship for a given trade route receives 
some attention. A study is made of operating expenses to emphasize the import- 
ance of detention on annual profits. In steam engineering, types of machinery and 
fuel for the most economical performance of the ship in service are given particular 
emphasis. 
A subject of great value introduced in the senior year is a course in structural 
steel design which takes up a detail study of stresses in structures, and especially 
those in ships. This course is given by the civil engineering instructing staff in 
structural design. The work in ship design covers the strength of a ship on a wave 
and curves of weights, loads, shearing forces and bending moments are worked up. 
Attention is especially directed to a course entitled “Shipyard Plants and 
Terminal Facilities.’ This course consists largely of lectures by outside men, 
conferences, inspection trips and papers by the students. During the next few 
years most of the time will be spent upon terminal facilities, so hopelessly ineffi- 
cient and out of date in America today. We realize the great importance of this 
subject and would like to devote more time to it, but at present cannot see our 
way clear. 
The business training given, which is an important element of the Lehigh 
course, is handled by the College of Business Administration. It starts out in the 
second year with a course covering the principles of economics followed by a 
course in accounting. In accounting, the emphasis is more on the reading than 
the keeping of accounts, and sufficient practice work is given to illustrate the 
principles studied. In the junior year business law and finance are given, two 
hours a week throughout the year being devoted to these subjects. 
A course in economic geography is given in the third year which treats the 
physical features and resources of the western hemisphere. Particular attention 
is given to the present and prospective commercial relations of the United States 
with other maritime nations. 
