36 NEW 20,000-TON TANKERS. 
the main transverse bulkheads is 34 feet 6 inches, the transverses are spaced only 
10 feet apart, thus making each transverse a distance of 12 feet 3 inches from the 
adjacent bulkhead. This dimension is 2 feet 3 inches greater than the distance 
between transverses, but results in no greater bending moments on the longitudinals 
than occur at the transverses, on account of the brackets which are fitted at the 
bulkheads. The other scantlings of the vessel in general are arranged about as 
usual for a 10-foot spacing between transverses and bulkheads, on a longitudinally 
framed vessel of the usual type. 
The ordinary bottom longitudinals are 18-inch by 4.1-inch by 51.6-pound 
channels, spaced 33 inches, which is wider than on any previous longitudinally 
framed vessel, so far as we are aware. ‘The side longitudinals gradually decrease 
in size to a 10-inch by 3.5-inch by 23.4-pound channel for the first longitudinal 
under the upper deck. The brackets connecting these longitudinals to the main 
transverse bulkheads are shown on the type plan of oil-tight transverse bulkheads, 
and the way the brackets gradually decrease in size to suit the size of longitudinals 
will be noted. The connections of the brackets to oil-tight bulkheads are all by 
means of 6)4-inch by 61%4-inch by 19.8-pound T-bars with the standing flange 
double riveted to the brackets, to provide the strongest possible connection and 
facilitate caulking. 
The stiffening of the bulkheads is interesting on account of the unusual expanse 
of bulkhead to be supported. Deep bottom longitudinals are worked in way of 
the vertical webs A and B on the bulkhead, and web A is provided with a bracket 
and girder to the transverses at the level of the upper deck to take the bending 
moment at this point. The arrangement of these brackets and girders at the upper 
deck level to take the stresses transmitted from the webs of the transverse bulk- 
heads is interesting, as will be noticed on the plans. There is a horizontal web at 
the upper deck level to take the reaction of the vertical web A at that point, and 
from the upper to the shelter deck in line with web A there is a small web designed 
to carry the load transmitted from the horizontal stiffeners in this location on the 
bulkhead. Web C is provided with a girder at the top and bottom to connect 
it with the transverses and take care of the bending moments in the brackets at 
the ends of the web. These moments on web B are cared for by its connection 
to the deep longitudinal at the bottom and to the expansion trunk bulkhead 
at the top. 
Special transverse webs are provided in the wing spaces above the upper deck 
to provide support for the side and deck longitudinals in this vicinity. - In order 
to provide as much longitudinal strength as possible, the side and deck longitudinals 
in this vicinity are worked continuously through all of the transverses, with butts 
staggered. 
The rough and smooth sides of the bulkheads alternate, port and starboard 
in the main cargo tanks and on the center-line bulkhead through the main tanks, 
so that all the bulkheads may be tested and the smooth sides examined, after the 
ship is in service, by filling the minimum number of tanks. Both transverse 
bulkheads of the pump-room are arranged to be smooth on the inside of the pump- 
