TEREBRATULA. 
PLate X, 
Species 389, (del. Davidson and Woodward.) 
TEREBRATULA (GWyYNIA?) CAPSULA. 
tissimd, subequivalvi, oblongo-ovatd, pellucido-corned, 
umbonibus ambobus productis, rostrali paulo longiore, 
foramine parvo, deltidio partito, valvis convewiusculis, 
lateribus intus ad cardinem calloso-appendiculatis ; apo- 
physe. . .2 
THE CAPSULE Gwynta? Shell very minute, nearly equi- 
valve, oblong-ovate, transparent-horny, both um- 
boes produced, the rostral a little the longer, fora- 
men small, deltidium divided, valves rather convex, 
sides callously appendaged within at the hinge. 
Terebratula capsula, Jeffreys, Aun. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 
1859, pl. 2. f. 7 a, 6. 
Gwynia capsula, King. 
Hab. Plymouth; Norman. Belfast Lough ; Hyndman and 
Norman. EHtretat, Normandy ; Jeffreys. 
Is this very minute form, it has been asked, an adult 
shell, or the fry of Argiope cistellula, or of some other Zere- 
bratula? An Argiope it certainly is not. The above su- 
perficial diagnosis embraces all the characters that appear 
to me to be strictly ascertained, and I am unable, after a 
most tedious examination of specimens, to add to them. 
The history of the subject is as follows :— 
Tn the ‘ Annals and Magazine of Natural History’ for 
August, 1858, Mr. Jeffreys announced that a very minute 
brachiopodous shell (5th of an inch in length, and 2,th 
in breadth) had been found by Mr. Norman, a well-known 
collector of British shells, resident in Durham, among some 
shell-sand received by him from Plymouth. “Being so 
excessively small,” adds Mr. Jeffreys, “as to defy any 
attempt to examine the internal structure without injuring 
the specimen, it is impossible to say whether it is an 
Argiope ; but having carefully compared it with 4. cisted- 
lula, which varies greatly in form, I am inclined at present 
to consider it an extreme variety of that species.” Atten- 
tion being drawn to the subject, other specimens were 
dredged, by Mr. Hyndman, in Belfast Lough (reported, 
however, to be Argiope cistellula), and by Mr. Jeffreys 
himself, at Htretat, on the coast of Normandy. After an 
examination of specimens under a magnifying power of 
100 diameters, Mr. Jeffreys came to the conclusion that 
the shell was not an drgiope, but a form more allied to 
Terebratulina. Is it then the fry of 7. caput-serpentis ? 
Mr. Jeffreys thought not, because the valves are nearly 
Ter. testa minu- 
equal, and have no indication of the radiating dichoto- 
mous ridges of that species. But what do we know of the 
Brachiopods in the fry state? Is it at all likely that 
they bear the detailed characteristics of the adult? He 
described it in the following year (Ann. and Mag. Nat. 
Hist., January, 1859) simply as a Zerebratula, with the 
remark, “ It may be a question whether it ought not to he 
placed in a new subgenus.” Professor King, of Queen’s 
College, Galway, upon seeing this announcement, lost no 
time in borrowing the specimens, and, in compliment to 
Mr. (J. Gwyn) Jeffreys, created the genus Gwynia for its 
reception (Pro. Dub. Univ. Zool. Assoc., April, 1859, 
p- 258). Professor King says, “‘ The principal generic 
character of Gwynia is in the labial appendages being at- 
tached directly to the shell, and not to a loop.” The 
grounds for this conclusion appear to me to be very insuf- 
ficient. No loop, it is true, has been observed; but it is 
to be remarked that the shell much more resembles that 
of the free-looped Teredratule than that of the subgenera 
in which the labial appendages rest more directly on the 
shell. The most remarkable peculiarity of this shell as 
compared with ordinary adults, is the prominence of the 
dorsal umbo. The shell is almost double-beaked. Its 
internal structure is not yet understood. ‘‘ Woodward 
and myself,” writes Mr. Davidson to me in a letter just 
received, ‘“‘ wasted a whole day at the British Museum 
(the 27th of April, 1859) in endeavouring to find some 
kind of loop in 7. capsuda, but could find none, and 
thought it the fry of some other species.” 
Species 40. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TEREBRATULA (Morrista) ANomrorpEs. Ter. testd sub- 
quadrato-orbiculari, depressa, tenui, pellucido-albdé aut 
virescente, ferrugineo-tinctd, valvis subequalibus, ven- 
trali parum rostrata, foramine amplo, rotundato, in 
valvis ambabus perforato, deltidio obsoleto vel nullo ; 
apophyse brevi, calcariformt. 
Tae ANomra-LIkE Morrisia. Shell somewhat squarely 
orbicular, depressed, thin, transparent-white or green- 
ish, rust-stained, valves nearly equal, ventral but little 
beaked, foramen large, rounded, perforated in both 
valves, deltidium obsolete or none; loop short, spur- 
shaped. 
Orthis Anomioides, Scacchi; Philippi, Enum. Moll. Sicil. 
vol. ii. p. 69. pl. 18. f. 9. 
February, 1861. 
