BUSHNELL] NATIVE VILLAGES AND VILLAGE SITES 95 
roofs, as we make ours, covered with the bark of trees. They were 
all of one story of about eight feet in height, made of mud. Only 
three remained; the others are burned. The village was surrounded 
by palings eight feet in height, of about eighteen inches in diameter. 
There still remain three square watch-towers (guerites) measuring 
en feet on each face; they are raised to a height of eight feet on 
posts; the sides made of mud mixed with grass, of a thickness of — 
eight inches, well covered. There were many loopholes through — 
which to shoot their arrows. It appeared to me that there had been 
a watch-tower at each angle, and one midway of the curtains (aw 
milieu des courtines); it was sufficiently strong to defend them 
against enemies that have only arrows.’ (Quoted from Dorsey- 
Swanton, (1), p. 6.) 
Whether these comparatively small tribes had ‘‘town houses” 
within their villages, as did others, is not known; but it.is evident 
their dwellings were rather long and narrow, probably quite similar 
to the “oblong-square’’ structures of the Chickasaw and Choctaw, 
and although speaking a different language and differing to a certain 
degree in manners and customs the villages of these small tribes 
may have resembled those of their more powerful neighbors. 
The Winnebago, the detached Siouan tribe whose home was in the 
central part of the State of Wisconsin, had many customs in com- 
mon with their Algonquian neighbors. Their villages were similar 
in appearance. A painting of a settlement of the Winnebago, made 
by Capt. Eastman and reproduced in Schoolcraft ((1), Il, pl. 23), 
is here shown as plate 17. 
Next to be mentioned are the Yuchi, of hots early history very 
little is known. But there is reason to suppose that they were at 
one time a numerous people, whose home, at the time of the coming 
of the Spaniards, was among the mountains, possibly neighbors of 
the Cherokee. They moved from place to place, evidently appearing 
in early records under various names, and finally settled in the valley 
of the Savannah, where they were later met by Europeans. 
In 1729 a chief of the Lower Creek town of Cussetah, on the Chat- 
tahoochee, married three Yuchi women, and a few years later, having 
gathered about him many families from the latter tribe, settled a 
new town some miles below at the mouth of Uchee Creek, in the 
present Russell County, Alabama. This village was visited by Bar- 
tram early in July, 1776, at a time when such memorable events 
were transpiring in his home city, Philadelphia, and he said of it: 
“The Uche town is situated in a vast plain, on the gradual ascent 
as we rise from a narrow strip of low ground immediately bordering 
on the river: it is the largest, most compact and best situated Indian 
town I ever saw; the habitations are large and neatly built; the 
walls of the houses are constructed of a wooden frame, then lathed 
