94 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 68 
We now turn to the signs indicating number. In Tunica, as I have 
said, k appears in the singular, m in the dual and with most of the 
plural objectives, and -¢ with the plural subjectives. On turning to 
Chitimacha we find a syllable na employed with every subjective 
sufix in the plural, the only distinction in use between it and the 
Tunica signs being that it is placed before the pronominal sign proper 
instead of after it. In the third person the passive form consists of 
this sign by itself, the ordinary active form being identical with that 
employed in the third person singular which we have already discussed. 
At first sight there might appear to be some question whether this 
sign were related to the Tunica plural sign or the Tunica dual, since 
shifts between ¢ and n are common, but other evidence tells against 
this. In the following table the plural forms are brought into juxta- 
position: 
Tunica plural subjective | Chitimacha plural subjective 
suffixes ix 
= het Spetie A eed ie —naka. 
=Witleciie eon eee | 
ne —nNana. 
za OW Cer eRe apie OTN ak a i 
dee te nec e ee | d 
ae —na (passive). 
SGU oi etert es tene ete | | 
It will be noticed that all of the Tunica forms but one end in 2 and 
all of the Chitimacha forms in a. Now when we tabulate the Tunica 
duals instead we find the following: 
Tunica dual subjective | Chitimacha pluralsubjective 
suffixes suffixes 
SUID): hes eee A -naka. 
WAM aes: ee tere | 
d nana. 
SHAT aes fas Pe ce ple { 
[ERG 22) ce gate | 4 
; —na (passive). 
= 100: aes Seon ee | 
While it is true that the Chitimacha forms occasionally drop the 
final vowel the appearance of final a in both along with the n and the 
constant presence of final 4 in Tunica plurals appears to prove that 
it is the Tunica dual sign with which the Chitimacha sign is related. 
It may be supposed that Chitimacha anciently possessed a dual as — 
well as Tunica and that when the numbers broke down the dual 
suffixes were retained in preference to the former plurals. The prob- 
ability of this having taken place is increased by the fact that, as we 
have seen, even in Tunica, dual forms are employed as objectives in 
both dual and plural. 
