SWANTON | TUNICA, CHITIMACHA, AND ATAKAPA LANGUAGES 25 
But while there is now no trace of the Tunica plural sign —t: in 
Chitimacha it is in evidence in Atakapa. It appears as the intransi- 
tive suffix -ti in the third person and traces are perhaps preserved 
in the first and second persons —tse(/) and —tem. It may be per- 
petuated also in the final consonant of the independent forms yukit, 
nakit, and hakit. 
Finally, this leaves the singular sign k to be accounted for. As 
noted above, it also appears in the masculine objective of the third 
person plural. While it can not be identified with certainty in the 
other languages it is worth while to observe that, with the exception of 
the Atakapa subjective suffixes in the first and second persons plural, 
which seem as a whole to be unrelated to each other or to anything else, 
all of the remaining unexplained forms in those languages contain a k. 
These are —ki or —k, the Chitimacha subjective suffix of the first per- 
son singular, together with the last syllable in the corresponding 
suffix of the plural which is clearly related to it, —naka, —k, the mascu- 
line suffix in the second person singular in the same language, and the 
k of the Atakapa independent and objective forms, yukit, nakit, hakit, 
and nak-. To account for the Chitimacha cases it may be suggested 
that the & sign which now appears only with Tunica objectives 
anciently entered into the subjective suffixes also, as is true of the 
corresponding dual and plural signs. In course of time these may 
have dropped off and disappeared, a vestige remaining in the first 
person and the third person singular masculine. If the Atakapa 
indefinite hi— is correctly characterized there can be little doubt of 
its relationship with Chitimacha ni— but its actual position as a 
prefix is somewhat uncertain. . 
We now have left as unique forms only the Tunica subjective suffix 
of the first person singular, —ni or —n, and the Atakapa subjective 
suffixes of the first and second persons plural, —tse(l), and —tem. 
Let us now summarize our analysis of the pronominal forms in the 
three languages: 
COMPARISON OF THE Roots ENTERING INTO THE PRONOMINAL ELEMENTS 
Tunica Chitimacha Atakapa 
i (sign of first person in all’) i (stem of independent | 1, hi (objective prefix, first 
numbers except possibly pronoun, first person person singular and plu- 
the first person singular singular). ral, and possibly corre- 
subjective). sponding . independent 
forms). 
hi (sign of second person | —hi (masculine subjective | (See na; marked by ab- 
feminine in all numbers), suffix, second person sence of suffix in sec- 
hima (independent femi- singular), him (inde- ond person subjective 
nine pronoun in singular). pendent pronoun, sec- singular). 
ond person singular). 
