TURBINELLA. 
Puate II. 
Species 5. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TURBINELLA GEMMATA. Twrb. testd ovaté, crassd, obesd, 
spird subacuminatd ; anfractibus levigatis aut subtiliter 
striatis, nodulis elevatis irregularibus undique seriatim 
cinctis ; lutescente, nodulis partim eburneis partim 
purpureo-atris, intus vivide croced. 
THE JEWELLED TURBINELLA. Shell ovate, thick, stout, 
spire somewhat acuminated; whorls smooth or very 
finely striated, encircled throughout with rows of 
elevated irregular nodules; yellowish, nodules partly 
black, and in part opal white, interior bright saffron 
yellow. 
Hab. 
Entirely beset with conspicuously coloured nodules. 
? 
Species 6. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TURBINELLA vaRicosa. Twurb. testé elongato-fusiformi, 
canali breviusculo, anfractibus spiraliter tenuiliratis, 
costis longitudinalibus confertis concentricé decussatis ; 
aurantio-albidé, costis conspicué castaneo-fuscis. 
THE VARICOSE TURBINELLA. Shell elongately fusiform, 
canal rather short, whorls spirally finely ridged, con- 
centrically crossed with close-set longitudinal ribs ; 
orange-white, ribs conspicuously chesnut-brown. 
Hab. Gallapagos Islands (in crevices of rocks) ; Cuming. 
A well-defined and very characteristic species, the chief 
peculiarity of which is exhibited in the unusually close-set 
concentric ribs and their dark contrast of colour. 
Species 7. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TURBINELLA CRATICULATA. Turd. testd cylindraceo-elon- 
gatd, crass, canali breviusculo, spire suturis subtilis- 
simé squamosis, anfractibus longitudinaliter obscuré 
plicato-costatis, liris subdistantibus acutis spiraliter 
cingulatis ; luteo-albidd, costis vivide ustulato-rubris. 
THE BARRED TuRBINELLA. Shell cylindrically elongated, 
thick, canal rather short, sutures of the spire very 
finely scaled, whorls longitudinally obscurely plicately 
ribbed, spirally encircled with rather distant sharp 
ridges ; yellowish-white, ribs of a deep burnt red 
colour. 
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol.ix. p.386. 
Murex craticulatus, Linnzeus. 
Hab. Island of Masbate (on the reefs) ; Cuming. 
Easily distinguished by the peculiar blood-stained co- 
louring of the ribs, which in sculpture are of very super- 
ficial character. 
Species 8. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TURBINELLA RAPA. Turd. testd pyriformi, crassa, ponde- 
rosd, rotundatd ; inflatd, spire suturis impressis ; 
anfractibus medio levibus supra et infra spiraliter 
striatis, superné obsolete uni- vel pluriseriatim nodu- 
losis ; albd, immaculatd, epidermide peculiariter rugosd 
induté ; apertura aurantio-rufescente. 
THE RAPE TURBINELLA. Shell pyriform, thick, ponderous, 
rounded and inflated, sutures of the spire impressed ; 
whorls smooth in the middle, spirally striated above 
and below, encircled round the upper part with one 
or two rows of obsolete nodules; white, unspotted, 
covered with a peculiarly rough epidermis ; aperture 
orange-red. 
Lamarck, Anim.sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol.ix. p.377. 
Hab. 5 
Lamarck appears to have been the first to distinguish 
this shell from the Z. pyrum, with which it had been 
previously confounded; it may be easily distinguished 
from that species by its rounded and more inflated growth 
and white unspotted aspect. 
Species 9. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TURBINELLA CANDELABRUM. Turd. test fusiformi-ovatd, 
spira subturrité ; anfractibus liris angustis subacutis 
cingulatis, longitudinaliter plicato-costatis, superné con- 
cavis, medio tuberculis compressis prominentibus bise- 
riatim armatis ; fusco strigatd, liris albidis. 
THE CHANDELIER TURBINELLA. Shell fusiformly ovate, 
spire somewhat turreted; whorls encircled throughout 
with rather sharp narrow ridges, longitudinally pli- 
cately ribbed, concave round the upper part, armed 
with two rows of ‘compressed tubercles round the 
middle; brown-streaked, ridges whitish. 
Hab. St. Elena, West Columbia (in sandy mud at the 
depth of seven fathoms) ; Cuming. 
The 7. candelabrum has been confounded hitherto with 
the 7. polygona, a most characteristic figure of it in Knorr 
July, 1847. 
