TURBO. 
Puate XI. 
Species 48. (Mus. Cuming.) 
Turso Nicosaricus. Turd. testd subglobosd, solidiusculd, 
imperforatd, spird brevissimd, obtusd ; anfractibus su- 
perne subobscurée depresso-canaliculatis, undique levi- 
bus; spadiceo-albicante, reticuld minutd maculisque 
grandibus sanguineis ornatd, apertura intense rufo- 
aurantid ; operculo corneo. 
Tue Nicopar Turbo. Shell somewhat globose, rather 
solid, imperforated, spire rather short, obtuse ; whorls 
somewhat obscurely depressly channelled round the 
upper part, smooth throughout; fawn-white, orna- 
mented with large deep blood spots and a very 
minute net-work of the same colour, aperture in- 
tensely reddish orange; operculum horny. 
GMELIN, Syst. Nat. p. 3596. 
Helix paradoxa, Born. 
Hab. Island of Ticao, Philippines ; Cuming. 
Peculiarly distinguished by its obtuse, solid growth and 
forcible display of colour, consisting of large, scattered, 
blood-red blotches, and deep golden-orange aperture. 
Species 49. (Mus. Metcalfe.) 
Turpo NIGER. Turd. testd subglobosd, solidiusculd, Litto- 
rineformi, spiraliter creberrimée sulcatd; purpureo- 
nigra, intus argented. 
THE BLACK TurBo. Shell somewhat globose, rather 
solid, Littorina-shaped, spirally very closely grooved ; 
purple black, interior silver. 
Gray, Beechey’s Voyage, p. 143. pl. 36. f. 1. 
Hab. Valparaiso (under stones at low water); Cuming. 
A solid, purple-black species, approximating somewhat 
in form to Littorina vulgaris, the common Periwinkle of 
our shores. It has a bright silvered interior. 
Fig. 50. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TURBO CRENULATUS, var. y. Turd. testd ovatd, imperforata, 
spire suturis canaliculatis ; anfractibus rotundatis, 
undique spiraliter eximié nodoso-liratis, quarum tribus 
centralibus subprominentioribus ; virescente-albd, viridi 
nitide radiata et marmoratd, intus argented. 
THE CRENULATED TURBO, var. y. Shell ovate, imper- 
forated, sutures of the spire channelled; whorls 
rounded, spirally delicately nodosely ridged through- 
out, the three central ribs being rather more promi- 
nent; greenish-white, neatly rayed and marbled with 
light green, interior silvered. 
Hab. 2 
This extremely delicate species described at Plate IX., 
merges into the 7. castaneus, of Gmelin and Lamarck in a 
manner which does not admit of their being separated. 
Species 51. (Mus. Taylor.) 
Turso ciparis. Turd. testd suborbiculari, vie imperforata, 
anfractibus rotundatis, levibus ; superné rufo-fusces- 
cente, maculis albidis peculiariter radiatis, infra zo- 
nulis angustis, rufo-articulatis cingulatd, intus marga- 
ritaced ; operculo testaceo, crasso. 
THE TURBAN TuRBO. Shell somewhat orbicular, slightly 
imperforated, whorls rounded, smooth ; reddish brown 
round the upper part, peculiarly rayed with whitish 
spots, encircled beneath with narrow, red-articulated, 
little zones, interior pearly; operculum testaceous, 
thick. 
GMELIN, Syst. Nat. p. 3596. 
Hab. ? 
This pretty species exhibits a great peculiarity in its 
display of colouring, the upper portion of the whorls being 
always more or less distinctly rayed from the sutures with 
pale irregular blotches. 
Species 52. (Mus. Cuming.) 
TurBo porcatus. Turd. testd orbiculari, spiraé depressius- 
culd, suturis excavatis, subtus concavd, profundé um- 
bilicata, anfractibus fortiter spiraliter costatis, costis 
rotundatis, lird minut interveniente; viridi, rufo- 
olivaceo nitidé marmorata, intus argented. 
THE RIBBED TurBOo. Shell orbicular, spire somewhat 
depressed, sutures excavated, concave beneath, deeply 
umbilicated; whorls rounded, with a minute ridge 
coming between; green, neatly marbled with reddish- 
olive, interior silvered. 
Hab. Point Swan, North Australia; Dring. 
Allied in form to the 7. versicolor and porphyrites, from 
both of which species it is sufficiently distinguished by 
its strongly ribbed growth. 
March, 1848, 
