DENSMORE] TETON SIOUX MUSIC 89 



a man beneath the sun, the man's face being pamted red and white. ^ 

 Chased-by-Bears died in February, 1915. 



(3) Zintka'la-lu'ta^ (Red Bird), plate 22, a Teton Sioux, took 

 part in the vSun dance at the age of 24 years, receiving 100 cuts on 

 his arms in fulfillment of a Sun-dance vow.^ His uncle was an 

 Intercessor in the Sun dance and Red Bird was receiving instructions 

 from him \vith a view to filling that office when the Sun dance was 

 discontiimed. His uncle's name was Taca'gula (His Lungs) who 

 died in the year 1868. 



(4) Pezi' (Grass), plate 73, bears also the name Mato'-wata'- 

 kpe (Chargmg Bear); he is best known, however, as John Grass. 

 His father also was known as John Grass, and in addition to this he 

 bore the name Waha'car)ka-ya'pi (Used-as-a-Shield) ; he was noted 

 as a warrior against other tribes, but was always friendly to the white 

 men. Jolui Grass is a Teton and was a successful leader of war 

 parties against the Mandan, Arikaree, and Crow Indians. When the 

 Black Hills treaty and other treaties were made with the Govern- 

 ment he was the principal speaker for the Sioux tribe. Since that 

 time he has constantly influenced his people to adopt the customs of 

 civilization. He has been to Washington as a tribal delegate and for 

 30 years has been the leading judge of the Court of Indian Offenses on 

 the Standing Rock Reservation. As a young man he was selected to 

 choose the Sun-dance pole, but never made a Sim-dance vow. 



(5) iTug'KASAq-MATo' (Weasel Bear) is a Teton Sioux. He 

 was once selected to choose the Sun-dance pole but never fulfilled a 

 vow at a Sun dance. He once made a similar vow, which, how- 

 ever, was fulfiUed privately. When on the warpath against the 

 Crows he vowed that if he were successful he would give part of his 

 flesh to Wakaq'taijka, but did not say that he would do so at the 

 Sun dance. The war party was successful, and on the way home his 

 arms were cut with 100 gashes in fulfiUment of the vow, the cutting 

 being done by a man who had taken part in the Sun dance. Weasel 

 Bear is hereditary chief of a large band and belongs to one of its wealth- 

 iest families. As a young man he was successful in war, a prominent 

 member of the White Horse Riders, and a leader in the grass dance. 

 Wlien negotiations with the Government were begun he was one of 



1 For other descriptions of dreams see: Dream of the rising sun (p. 139); a dream of "a man in the 

 sun," by Red Bird (p. 149); of the thundorbirds, by Lone Man (pp. 159-161); of the thunderbirds, and of 

 wolves, by Charging Thunder (pp. 170-181); of the buffalo, elk, wolf, and sacred stones, by Brave Buffalo 

 (pp. 173-179,207-208); of the crow and owl, by Siya'ka (pp. 184-188); of the wolf, by Two Shields and by 

 Weasel Bear (pp. 188-190); of a rainbow (p. 214); a strange vision in the sky, in which a sacred stone ap- 

 peared, by Goose (p. 251); a dream of a badger by Eagle Shield (p. 266.) 



2 This is the generic term for small birds but is commonly translated simply "bird." 



8 Red Bird died a few weeks after the study of the Sun dance was completed. On returning to the reser- 

 vation the writer asked whether the death of Red Bird was attributed to the information given concerning 

 the Sun dance and was assured it was not. Indeed Red Bird said during his last illness that he was greatly 

 comforted by the thought that he had helped to preserve the songs and beliefs of his peoplo. 



