318 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bill, ei 



Tho song has a compass of an octavo, beginning on tho dominant 

 above and ending on the dominant below the tonic. Three renditions 

 were recorded, which show no points of difference. 



kai^gi'yuha (crow-owners)* 



This society, hke other mihtary and social organizations, was 

 widespread among the tribes of the Plains. Miss Fletcher states 

 that, among tho Omaha, "the wolf and the crow were not only 

 connected with carnage but they had a mythical relationHo the office 

 of 'soldiers,' tho designation given to certain men on the annual 

 tribal hunt who acted as marshals." - A full description of " tho crow " 

 worn by the Omaha, with an account of its symbolism, is given by 

 Miss Fletcher.^ Among the northern tribes the crow and tho raven 

 appear to be connected exclusively with success in war, tho skin of 

 the bird being worn around the neck or attached to the spear which 

 was carried in war. A "Crow or Raven society" was noted among 

 the Mandan and was mentioned by Maximilian.^ 



The Crow-owners society of the Teton Sioux and the Raven- 

 bearers society of the Mandan, as studied by the present writer, 

 appear to be similar in essential features. Lowie, however, uses the 

 term Crow society in his list of Mandan organizations.^ A Crow- 

 owners society is noted by the same authority, among the Crow 

 Indians.^ The Raven-owners society is mentioned by Lowie in his 

 observations among the eastern Dakota,' and the Raven-bearers by 

 Wissler, among the Blackfoot Indians.* 



The full organization of the Crow-owners society is given as follows 

 by Wissler: * 



The Kag^i' yuha (they that have the crowi was an organizatien simikr to the 



Toka'la, the scheme being as follows: 



2 leaders 4 lance bearers 



2 rattle bearers x lay members 



2 pipe keepers 4 drum bearers and singers, two of whom 



2 short-lance bearers carry rattles and sit about the drum 



2 crow-skin bearers 1 herald 



> The writer's informant concerning the Kaggi'yuha was Eagle Shield (Wagbli'-waha'<5ugka), who was 

 a member of the society. In pi. 43 he is shown wearing the "crow-skin necklace," (kaijgi'wan&'pi), which 

 was tho insignia of the society. 



' Fletcher and La Flesche, op. cit., p. 442. 



8 Ibid., p. 441. 



< Reise in das Innere Nord-America in den Jahren 1832 bis 1834, von Maximilian I'rinz zu Wied, n, p. 

 140, Coblenz, 1841. "Die zweite Classe Oder Bande sind die * ♦ * Kriihen- oder Rabenbande (La. 

 bande du corbeau), junge Leute, von 20 bis 25 Jahren." 



1 Lowie, Robert II., Societies of the Crow, llidatsa and Mandan Indians, op. cit . . p. 309. 



•Ibid., p. 199. 



' Lowie, Robert II., Dance Associations of the Eastern Dakota, op. cit., p. 109. 



8 Wissler, Clark, Societies and Dance Associations of the Blackfoot Indians, Anlhr. Papers, A mcr. 3/u.?. 

 Nat. Hist., XI, pt 4, p. 392, New York, 1913. 



9 Wissler, Clark, Societies and Ceremonial Associations in the Oglala Division of the 'I'eton-Dakota, 

 op. cit., p. 23. 



