di:n.smore] TETON SIOUX .^lUSIC 443 



Analysis. — In many respects this song is like No. 181. E flat 

 appears to be most satisfactory as its keynote, and analyzing it in 

 the key of E flat major, we find the tone material to be the tonic 

 triad and sixth, yet 73 per cent of the intervals are minor thirds. 

 The remaining intervals are two major seconds and one ascending 

 fourth. The song is so short that the phonograph cylinder contains 

 a large number of renditions, in which there are no points of difference. 

 The song was usually sung twice with no break in the time, then 

 shrill cries were given, after which the song was resumed, the drum 

 continuing a steady beat throughout the entire performance. 



"Wlien the killing of the buffalo was finished the meat was dressed 

 and prepared for transportation to the camp. Wliite Hawk gave a 

 description of the cutting up of a buffalo, which was read to Heha'ka- 

 wa'-kita (Looking Elk), who pronounced it correct. These two men 

 were said to be especially proficient in this phase of the buffalo hunt. 

 The description, which follows (interpreted by Edward Swan) , is that 

 of the cutting up of a buffalo cow: 



If the hide were to be used for a tent it was removed whole instead of being cut 

 along the back. In this process the animal was turned on its back, the head being 

 turned to the left so it came under the shoulder, and the horns stuck in the ground 

 so that the head formed a brace. In old days a clamshell was used as a skinning 

 knife; such a tool with its case was carried by the mother of Eagle Shield. [See pi. 

 67.] ^\^len steel knives became available they were used instead of the shells. 



In removing a hide to be used for a tent they began on the under side of a front 

 leg, cut to the center of the breast, to the lip, then up to a point between the horns, 

 and then from one horn to the other. A cufwas made down the belly and the inside 

 of the hind legs; the tail was also split. When removing a hide for use as a robe, 

 they laid the animal on its belly with legs extended front and back. In tliis case the 

 cut began on the upper Up and extended along the backbone to the tip of the tail. 

 The liide of one side was folded back and spread on the ground, and the carcass was 

 laid on that wliile the cuts were made along the belly as described above. 



'WTien remo\'ing a hide they did not cut all the meat from the inner surface, but 

 left a layer of meat on the hide of the back and a still thicker j^iece along the belly. 

 This was later removed by the women and was said to be very good to eat. After 

 removing the liide it was the custom to take out the tongue, which was the part of 

 the animal considered most delicate by the Sioux. 



Beyond this point there were no established rules. White Hawk said, however, that 

 the front quarters were usually removed first. He said there was a "blanket of flesh " 

 on the back and sides of the animal which was removed in one piece, but that before 

 taking this off they "worked up under it" and detached the front quarters. The 

 hind quarters were removed at the hip joints. The hump was underneath the outer 

 "blanket of flesh." It was composed of fat and was cut off at the backbone. Below 

 the outer "blanket of flesh" is the inner "blanket," which was removed in two parts. 

 One side of it was turned down, exposing the ribs and the entrails. The carcass was 

 then cut along the belly, up the shoulder, and along the backbone. A fresh hoof 

 was used as a hatchet, and in the old days a knife made of the shoulder blade 

 was used in cutting up the animal. [See pi. 67.] The ribs were removed in the form 

 of a slab, and the kidneys, liver, and fat also were taken out, as were the brains. 

 White Hawk said: "In the intestines there is a pocket-shaped piece about the size 



