DENSMORE] NORTHERN UTE MUSIC Oe 
stick in which notches are cut; (2) a short stick (or bone) rubbed 
across these notches; and (3) a resonator placed over a hole in the 
-ground. This resonator was formerly a shallow basket (pl. 5, d), but 
in recent times a piece of zinc is used. The end of the longer stick 
is rested on the resonator, while the shorter stick is rubbed perpen- 
dicularly, the downward stroke being sharply accented (pl. 1). Two 
specimens of the notched stick and the rubbing stick were obtained 
by the writer, both sets having been used in the Bear dance on the 
Uinta and Ouray Reservations (pl. 5, 6, ¢). The more typical of these 
comprises a notched stick shaped like the jawbone of a bear, with a 
bone for rubbing stick. The other set comprises a straight stick, in 
which notches have been cut, and a smaller stick for rubbing across it. 
This set, with the basket resonator, is described as follows by Mr. © 
Hawley: 
‘“‘Name of specimen, Notched Stick Rattle. Notched stick, L. 25 
in., diameter 1}in. Rubbing stick, L. 6 in., diameter 13 in. Basket 
resonator, H. 5 in., diameter 15$ in. The notched stick originally 
had 28 notches about ? of an inch deep made in 202 inches. On the 
opposite side 24 more shallow notches were cut in a space of 12 
inches. The rubber is oval in cross-section, rubbing across the 
notches having reduced the diameter to 1,3; in. The resonator is 
of a shallow hemispherical form. It is not a drum. It is not put 
in vibration by being beaten or frictioned. <A hole is dug in the 
ground and the basket is inverted over the hole. One end of the 
notched stick rests on the basket. The vibrations of the notched 
stick are communicated to the basket, which in turn so sets in vibra- 
tion the air confined in thehole and basket as to dominate the original 
vibration.” 
The Pima Indians, according to Frank Russell, use the ‘ basket- 
drum” and “scraping sticks” separately as well as in combination. 
Mr. Russell says: “ Any shallow basket of sufficient size, such as are 
in common use in every household for containing grain or prepared 
food, may be transformed into a drum by simply turning it bottom 
up and beating it with the hands. In accompanying certain songs 
it is struck with a stick in rapid, glancing blows. The notched or 
_ scraping stick is in very general use to carry the rhythm during the 
singing of ceremonial songs. When one end of the stick is laid 
on an overturned basket and another stick or a deer’s scapula is 
drawn quickly over the notches, the resulting sound from this com- 
pound instrument of percussion may be compared to that of the 
snare drum. However, it is usually held in the hand and rasped 
with a small stick kept for the purpose. So important are these 
10“ Among the negroes of the Southern States the jawbone of a mule or horse is used in the same way,a 
stick being rubbed over the teeth.” Catalogue of the Crosby-Brown Collection of Musical Instruments, 
published by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1914, footnote, p. 183. 
