208 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 75 
the drumbeat follows the voice by 0.12 second in 12 cases, and in 
no instance does the interval differ from this by more than 0.02 second. 
A comparison has been made of a portion of the photographic 
record, about 20 feet long, between drumbeats @ and @, with the 
phonograph reproduction timed with a stop watch. In this manner 
it was possible to locate the principal notes in exact time. 
Figure 1 [pl. 15] is the music as originally submitted, transcribed 
from the phonographic record. The letters A, B, C, ete., indicate 
certain distinct notes of the phonographic rendition; the correspond- 
ing portions are marked with the same letters on the upper edge of 
the photograph. While listening to the phonograph the relation of 
the pairs of drumbeats to the music was noted by ear and roughly 
marked on the score thus: 0‘O‘O‘O‘O*. Thirty-four of these beats 
are numbered on the score, and the same beats were identified on 
the photograph and correspondingly numbered. By noting the rela- 
tion of the drumbeats to the notes of the score and by observing the 
variations in the width (loudness or rhythm) of the photographic 
record as related to the corresponding drumbeats on the photograph 
it is possible to locate the beginning of each note of the music. The 
corresponding notes of the score and the photograph are lettered 
a, b, cp, 4, 7. 
Figure 2 [pl. 15] is a diagram showing the exact time relations of 
the drumbeats and notes, as determined by counting the hundredths 
of seconds on the photograph. The spacing along the staff shows 
the exact time value of each note and the relation of each note to 
the drumbeats. The bars [marked @, @, @, etc.}] are the drum- 
beats, numbered as on the photograph, thus (8). The numbers 
between the circles are the intervals, in hundredths of a second, 
between the drumbeats. The numbers above the notes are the inter- 
vals, in hundredths of a second, between the beginning of the notes 
and the succeeding drumbeats, as counted on the photograph. 
The numbers below the staff, as 109, 39, 27, etc., are the intervals 
between notes (length of notes) in hundredths of a second. Inspec- 
tion shows that 9 is approximately a common divisor of this number, 
and for purposes of comparison they were divided by 9, the approxi- 
mate results being given in the next row of figures, as 12, 44, ete. 
These numbers are proportional to the lengths of the notes. Assum- 
ing 8 to correspond to a quarter note, the first note is a dotted quarter, 
and the second is an eighth note, etc. The interpretation of the 
lengths of the note in musical notation may then be written as in the 
last line of figure 2 [pl. 15], and inspection of this series enables the divi- 
sion of the notes into appropriate groups for the bars of music. This 
latter operation should properly be done in connection with the 
phrasing and rhythm of the words. 
