HRDLICKA ] 
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE 
LENAPE 
23 
Ill. RELATION GF AVERAGES OF MEASUREMENTS RELATING TO SIZE OF VAULT IN 
MALES AND FEMALES 
(Males= 100) 
Number of speci- 
mens é Nasion- Pe 
Group Capacity | Module . Sa la opisthion vy uce 
ache, are 
Males | Females 
PABICATISAS 2 on 5.5 tei ere cceis bey sphs 19 14 86.5 96 96 96.5 92.5 
WMomisianareet sees. snccse- cee: 12 7 89.5 96 97 98 88 
Munsee (excepting no. 285,308) - . 6 9 85. 0 95.5 96 94.5 88 
* From A. Hrdli¢ka, Report on an Additional Collection of Skeletal Remains from Arkansas and Loui- 
siana, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., x1v, 1909, pp. 171-249. 
These data are of interest in a number of additional particulars. 
In the first place, it is seen that, barring capacity, a striking similarity 
exists in the relation of female to male measurements in the different 
groups of Indians. There are reasons to believe that such resem- 
blances are not confined to these tribes alone or even to Indians 
generally, but extend, with a limited range of variation, to all races. 
Another remarkable fact is that the external measurements of the 
skull, especially the mean diameter or module, and the circumference 
show practically identical percental relations in the two sexes, aver- 
aging each about 96 for the female to 100 for the male; while in capac- 
ity the difference is decidedly greater (less than 90 to 100) in favor of 
the male, notwithstanding the fact that the thickness of the female 
skulls averages smaller. In other words, a female skull only nine- 
tenths as thick as that of a male and which gives external measure- 
ments that compare with those of the male cranium in a ratio of 96 
to 100, will stand in respect to its internal capacity toward the male 
skull as only 88 or 89 to 100. The cause of this must be attributed to 
the unequal build, in the two sexes, of those parts of the skull which 
are not reached by the ordinary external measurements, and the 
narrower and especially the lower frontal region in the female plays 
probably a large part in this connection. 
RELATION OF SIZE OF SKULL TO STATURE 
The size of the head, as is well known, increases with stature. 
This increase is not uniform, but progresses in a diminishing ratio. 
The fact holds true in all races, though the exact values of the ratio 
with the different racial elements have not as yet been determined 
definitely. In the case of skeletal remains, in which it is not possible 
to learn the exact stature, the most suitable manner of obtaining 
light on the subject is to compare the length of the femur with the 
cranial capacity, by which means we ascertain the number of cubic 
centimeters of the capacity that correspond to each centimeter of 
the length of the femur. The following data give the results of such 
