HRDLICK A] PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE LENAPE Dard 
ORBITS. NOSE 
With respect to the orbits, the writer follows his invariable custom 
of making measurements on both sides and recording the mean, 
which, in turn, gives rise toa mean index. This procedure is necessary 
in view of the fact that in only a minority of cases are the two orbits 
of equal dimensions and that sometimes they differ considerably.! 
Among the series of Lenape crania which the writer reported on in 
1902,? there were several specimens in which the orbits were unusu- 
ally low. At that time it seemed as if this feature might be almost 
characteristic of these Indians; but evidently such is not the case, for 
low orbits are quite rare among the Munsee. As will be seen from the 
following figures, in only one instance (male, no. 285,313) are the orbits 
decidedly low and broad, giving the microseme ? index of 78.1. Of the 
remaining cases four males and two females (43 per cent) are mesoseme, 
while two of the males and five of the females (50 per cent) are mega- 
seme. The extensive fluctuation of the orbital index in both sexes 
of the Munsee tribe is very striking, but much the same variation was 
observed in the Arkansas and Louisiana crania previously mentioned, 
and is present among the Eastern tribes in general. 
VI. MUNSEE CRANTIA: ORBITS,* NOSE + 
MALES 
Orbits Nose 
Mean 
Mean Mean ee Index 
Number height | breadth | p3<100 | Number] Height | Breadth | B100 
(a) (b) Sars H 
em cm em cm 
P4052) Be eI TER ETERS Saifteeetcces 3.2 4,1 78. 1 285, 303 5.0 2.2 44.0 
aD oO Same erte ena oe aie ea fossa oe 3.4 3.95 86.1 | 285,326 5.0 2.35 47.0 
BS SUD Meee eels seme wie 'acesere 3.4 3.9 87.2 285, 301 5. 45 2.6 47.7 
VASO = 565 Heese ee ceases 3.6 4.05 87.2 | 285,305 5.0 2.5 50.0 
FIG) SD. 5 ofa i ee 3.35 3.75 89.3 | 285,308 5.3 2.8 52.8 
ZOO LONER Says agoc ce Sioa Sse oe 3.3 3.6 91.7 | 285, 306 5.0 2.9 58 
280 BOLE ae aecieic ap oas5, cake cae8 3.6 3.9 92.9 285, 313 5.15 3.0 58. 3 
(7) (7) QO) echaastioc (7) (7) (7) 
PA OTAGO ete ed = saan oot 3.4 3.9 SUE 0p Re as 5.1 2.6 51.1 
* Arranged on the basis of the Orbital Index. { Arranged on the basis of the Nasal Index. 
1 It seems advisable to mention at this point the exact method used by the writer in the measurement of 
the orbits, for there appears to be not a little discrepancy in this respect among different workers. The 
Measurements are those of Broca: The breadth is from dacryon (the point of intersection of the lachrymo- 
frontal suture and the sharp free orbital border of the lachrymal canal) to the most distal part of the 
lateral boundary of the orbit, below the malo-frontal suture; while the height is the maximum height, from 
about the center of the lower border of the orbit. Both dimensions can be taken with fair accuracy by 
either a graduated rod or by the two sharp points of the compas glissiére. The main point is that the 
Measurements should not comprise any part of the borders of the orbits, particularly the outer one, which 
differs considerably in thickness and breadth, and part of which seems not infrequentiy to be included 
by those who take these measurements. 
2 Crania of Trenton, etc., op. cit. 
3 Broca’s classification. 
