HRDLICKA ] PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE LENAPE 55 
DETAILED OBSERVATIONS 
Shape of the shaft—A number of years ago the writer! called 
tion to the fact that in transverse sections at the middle the 
yones show each a considerable variety in the shape of the shaft, 
.».. vunat these varieties can be reduced for each bone to several dis- 
tinct types of both functional and racial significance. As to the 
humeri, the most frequent shapes are the p. c., plano-convex or infan- 
tile form; type 1, or ordinary prismatic; type 2, lateral prismatic; 
and type 4, in which the anterior border is broadened out to a dis- 
tinct fourth surface. 
Among the Munsee the occurrence of shapes was as follows: 
XLI. MUNSEE HUMERI: SHAPE OF SHAFT 
Male Female 
Type Right Left Right Left 
Speci- Per Speci- Per Speci- Per Speci- Per 
mens cent mens cent mens cent mens cent 
| 
pe—plano-convex..-.-------- 3 21 2 15 2 13.3 3 23 
1—ordinary prismatic or near 6 43 6 46 9 60 5 39 
2—lateral prismatic-........-. 1 7 2 TUS (ies persed ese = So ates 
4—-quadrilateral........-..-. 2 HP yee e  eeal] 2 13.3 3 23 
| 
Various intermediate. .....-. 2 14 3 23 2 13.3 2 15 
The most frequent shape is the ordinary prismatic; the next in 
frequency is the plano-convex; the lateral prismatic is the least com- 
mon. The significance of these conditions must be left for future 
consideration, when our data, especially on the American Indians, 
are more extensive. 
Perforation of the septum.—The septum between the olecranon and 
coronoid fossee in Indians often shows a smaller or a larger perfo- 
ration. The frequency of this developmental anomaly or condition 
differs from tribe to tribe, and it differs also between the sexes, being 
as a rule more common in females. In the Munsee male humeri only 
six instances of such perforation exist, three in right and three in 
left bones, the total amounting to 22 per cent of the bones. In only 
one instance is the opening large; in three it is medium; in one 
small, and in one of pin-point size. In the 29 female humeri which 
could be examined for this feature the conditions are quite different, 
the perforation being present in no fewer than 17 cases, or nearly 59 
per cent of the bones. Eight of the 17 are right (47 per cent), nine 
left (53 per cent). As to size of the perforation, one is pin-point, 
eight small, and eight medium; none is large. 
1 Hrdliéka, Typical Forms of Shaft of Long Bones, Proceedings of the Association of American A natomists, 
4th Sess., Dec. 1900, pp. 55-60, figs. 1-2, Washington, 1901. 
