RD BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ BULL. 62 
LXVI. SACRUM: COMPARATIVE DATA 
Males Females 
People Number | Number 
of speci- | Height | Breadth | Index | ofspeci- | Height | Breadth | Index 
mens * mens 
cm. cm. cm. cm. 
Manse < 5 ..<stas ees eciacces (6) 10.7 11.6 108. 2 (7) 9.9 ib Py ¢ 118.5 
Arkansas and Louisiana |. 
MOVHGS: - Wrasse seoseee (18) 10.95 12.2 111.6 (22) 10. 2 11.96 thle ey) 
Southern Utah  cliff- 
MWeANOIS-.s- =~ -.5-5.s50ee (22) 10.8 11.55 | 106.9 (10) 10.1 11.33 112.2 
Southwest and Mexico. -. (15) 10.7 11.36 | 106.2 (18) 10. 4 LSD 110.6 
United States whites 
(various nationalities)t - t (56) 10. 62 11.67 | 109.9 (25) 10.18 i a 115.4 
* Five-segment sacra only. 
+ There were two separate series which gave remarkably similar results: 
(a) Males: (26) H. 10.6, B.11.7, Ind. 115; females: (12) H. 10.2, B. 11.73, Ind. 115. 
(b) Males: (30) H. 10.63, B. 11.64, Ind. 115.8; females: (13) H. 10.16, B. 11.77, Ind. 115.8. 
t Forty-six additional five-segment adult sacra, both sexes together, gave the writer—height 10.4, breadth 
11.76, index 113. 
SEGMENTS 
Among the eight male Munsee sacra in which determination of the 
number of segments is feasible, six show five and two show six ver- 
tebre, while among the 12 female bones there are 10 with five and 
two with six segments. We have thus four six-segmented sacra 
in 20, or 20 per cent. Emmons, in 217 female Indian pelves, 
found six segments in 19.8 per cent of the cases. 
Among additional specimens examined by the writer, in 53 sacra 
of the southern Utah cliff-dwellers, five vertebrae were present in 
37, or 70 per cent; six in 15, or 28 per cent; and seven in one, or 
2 per cent. Of 42 sacra of Southwestern and Mexican Indians, 31, 
or 74 per cent, showed five; 10, or 24 per cent, six; and one, or 2 per 
cent, seven segments. As to whites, among 503 sacra of miscellaneous 
Americans of both sexes, five segments were present in only 66.4 
per cent of the bones; six segments in 31 per cent; seven segments in 
2 per cent, and eight in 0.4 per cent, while the whole coccyx was 
attached, non-pathologically, in one instance. The frequency of more 
than five vertebre in the sacrum is therefore slightly to decidedly 
less in probably all the tribes of Indians than in the United States 
whites. 
CURVATURE 
The curvature of the sacrum in the Munsee can be described in 18 
of the 20 specimens as medium, while in two (one male and one 
female) it is submedium. This agrees closely with the author’s 
observations on this feature in other Indians. In the United States 
whites the proportion of regular and medium forms is smaller, while 
not infrequently there exists in the sacrum of whites a pronounced 
