114 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ BULL. 62 
nance, however, of the mesorhinic form; by a rather short palate in 
many instances; and by a moderate degree of facial as well as of 
alveolar prognathism. 
CraniaL INDEX 
The distribution of the most important characteristic of the skulls, 
the cranial index, will be more clearly apparent from the next 
table. Owing to the paucity of crania in some of the series, there are 
irregularities between the males and females of the same group, and 
the position of the different groups in the line is probably not in every 
case correct. Nevertheless, certain conditions are clearly brought 
out. It is seen on the whole that the dolichocephaly decreases in a 
slight ratio from the north to the south; but its lower extreme is 
found on Long Island, Staten Island, and Manhattan Island, New 
York. The crania from these three localities show striking resem- 
blances, and though there are also certain differences, the conclusion 
seems to be justified that they belong to one group. It has been 
suggested ' that the Indians of Staten Island were a branch of the 
Lenape, but the evidence offered by the skeletal remains gives no 
corroboration of this. There may have been Lenape women, or even 
some Lenape admixture, in the Staten Island tribe, but the crania of 
the men show almost uniformly distinct features which identify them 
clearly with the Indians of Manhattan Island and Long Island. 
XCII. EASTERN INDIAN CRANIA: CRANIAL INDEX 
Males Females 
elves ite Index ones f Index 
Mongrislanid’ 234 Sas es panes eens cs saeeoc ee eters (7) 70. 7 (5) 74.3 
Manhattanslcland) 5 7-ssee- 2 sees Seer. Joe he same Joh (2) 71.7 (1) 71.8 
Staten stand 4957 2. 55. ee oe enone eee eRe oe (4) HAE Yi (3) 75. 4 
Connechicils so. vs. eee owe certo on Seals pee ae eee ate oat aoek (4) 72.4 (4) 74.6 
Maine. -/.1 332 Mr Pee ras ee ee eerie ieee ee one tee (6) 72.7 (6) 74.7 
Massachusetts. ® suse tes os sees Se oe ee eco sae (14) 72.8 (25) 74.7 
poutnesstern Canada. 2 x2 so. 6 a ceter eee eee eee (14) 73.4 (5) 76.9 
ING W.AY OFA State ce seaGe oe coer totes ooeke Dee re ee ae (19) 73.0 (15) 74.8 
Maryland]. 2220-042 et rahe Ackea psteree esse: cess se (4) 73.6 (4) 74.0 
Rhode Islande sz . -o15-2e < oes = oy ee ase sete eS (6) 73.7 (5) 75.6 
New Jersey (Heye collection)...-...........--.---.--------- (4) 73.9 (5) 75.8 
New: Jersey (earlier) Us. .2252 cosh hae soars ooee aoe oeeee (6) 74.6 (19) 1D. 4 
Mirginias 2242. 25255 el RD NAS Rent SEL oe, SS, Se ee SOI AS (27) 75.5 (28) 76.3 
There is remarkable similarity in the average index of the crania of 
all the more northerly states as far as New Jersey. The Indians of 
both sexes from Maine and Massachusetts are particularly close in 
1 See A. Skinner in The Indians of Greater New York and the Lower Hudson, edited by Clark Wissler, 
Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, 11, 1909. 
