46 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 76 



Fourteen feet back from the farthest- recedint; part of the curve 

 of the roof at the front is the edge of a stratum 3 feet thick ; the 

 bottom of this was 3 feet above the talus immediately beneath it. 

 This stratum is continuous, with a perceptible dip to the interior, 

 as far as it can be seen. 



The width of the cave at the mouth is 44 feet; 30 feet within it 

 widens to 51 feet. A small amount of water makino; its way from 

 the interior over the level floor collects in a little basin scooped out 

 to receive it, and sinks into the floor near the inner foot of the talus 

 55 feet from the entrance. At this point the width of the cave is 

 36 feet; the height to the roof is 4i. feet. As the floor beyond here 

 is soft mud, the cavern was not folloAved farther. 



Owing to the limited space between the floor and the roof it was 

 necessary to remove the excavated earth to the outside. The water 

 which flows from the hill and falls upon the talus during rains also 

 had to be provided against. A trench 4 feet wide at the bottom, 

 with sufficient slant to the sides to prevent them from falling in, 

 was started 25 feet out from the entrance, on a level Avhich gave 

 it a depth of &|. feet at the highest point of the talus, thus carr3dng 

 it a few inches into the clay which was the original floor of the 

 cave. This depth also brought, it well below the level of the little 

 pool inside. When its greatest depth was reached the excavation 

 was at once widened to 25 feet, thus reaching well toward, the cliff 

 on either side. Growing trees and large rocks made a greater width 

 here impracticable. 



In the talus were flint implements, none small enough for arrow- 

 heads, some well finished, others roughly made, a few being shown in 

 plate 15; three sandstone mortars and fragments of four others; 

 probably 100 cobblestones used as hammers and pestles, some of 

 them pitted on the sides, a few showing marks of much use (pi. 16, .4) ; 

 a small, very solid piece of hematite worn round by use as a hammer; 

 a small, imperfect tomahawk made of quartzite (pi. 16, 5, a) ; many 

 mussel shells, some used as knives and scrapers ; animal bones, some 

 of them worked into implements, including a perfect skiver (pi. 16, 

 B, h) ; several pieces of hematite and limonite used as paint stones 

 (pi. 16, 5, c) ; many fragments of pottery, some of them worked into 

 disks and perforated (pi. 16, B, d); occasionally small deposits of 

 charcoal, ashes, and burned earth. The meager amount of artificial 

 material, and its random distribution, as if one piece was lost here, 

 another thrown there, throughout the talus from the present surface 

 to the underlying clay would appear good evidence that the cave 

 was never used as a place of permanent abode, but merely provided 

 temporary refuge at intervals extending over a prolonged period. 



None of the pottery was decorated in any way, though most of 

 it was cord-marked; no piece was found which had a handle or a 



