54 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 76 



its contact with the clay, a certain indication that its lower portion 

 is saturated. 



Much refuse, including several mortars, is distributed over the 

 floor, and it is especially apparent in the bed of the little stream; 

 but fully half the surface is covered with rocks too large to be 

 removed, and these, together with the water, will effectually prevent 

 satisfactory excavation. 



One of the mortars has a grinding cavity on one face 12 by 20 

 inches and 3 inches deep at the middle; on the other face, which 

 has been pecked, apparently with a flint tool, to make it level and 

 even, is also a ca^aty, but it is small and shallow, showing that this 

 side of the stone was but little used, 



DOUBLE CAA^ (21) 



On Walter Miller's farm, 14 miles below the Crocker and Waynes- 

 ville bridge, on the left side of the river, is the " Double Cave," so 

 called for the reason that it has two entrances. The one farthest 

 down the river is more nearly in line with the general trend of the 

 cavern. Its opening is 35 feet wide and 20 feet high. At 40 feet 

 in from the mouth, on the left or up-river side, the two parts of the 

 cavern unite, a triangular partition of the original limestone strata 

 separating them up to the point of junction. Across the apex of 

 the triangle the main cave is 60 feet wide ; there is no vertical wall 

 on the right (east) side along this portion, the roof sloping down 

 gradually until it meets the earth floor; it may extend farther, 

 making the cave that much wider at the bedrock bottom. The cave 

 earth at its highest point is fully 10 feet higher than at the entrance ; 

 but this may not mean that it is 10 feet deeper, for there are indi- 

 cations that the rock floor also rises from the entrance toward the 

 interior. Digging in the front part of the main cave — that is, in the 

 portion behind the lower entrance — would be impracticable owing to 

 the huge rocks, some of them lying on the floor, others deeply im- 

 bedded in the earth; consequently part of them, at least, fell while 

 the cave was inhabited. 



From the junction of the two branches the cave earth extends back 

 60 feet to clay and gravel washed down from the interior; there is 

 ample light at this point, and for some distance bej^ond. In part, 

 this gravel seems to overlie the loose earth ; it is still depositing, and 

 the manner in which the various materials intermingle and overlap 

 at their meeting place indicates that the cave earth to some extent 

 underlies the gravel and clay. This feature is worth investigating, 

 as it might have a bearing upon the relative age of the cave deposits. 



The entrance to the branch cave is 20 feet higher in the face of the 

 bluff than that of the main cave, and consequently much above any 

 water flowing from the interior; it is 20 feet wide by 15 feet high. 



