rowKE] 



AKCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 



79 



Fig. 15. — Perforated bone ob- 

 ject from Miller's Cave. 



The cave was especially rich in objects wrou^rht from bone and 

 antler. A few of these are shown in plates 30-36 and figure 15. 



Plate 36 illustrates four stages in the manufacture of skivers. It 

 shows that instead of being always rubbed down from its natural 

 form the bone was sometimes split by blows of a stone hammer until 

 complete, subsequent smoothing probably 

 resulting from use, as shown by the imple- 

 ment at c. When skivers were broken, the 

 ends Avere dressed doAvn for other uses, as 

 observed in the upper row of plate 32. 



Shell spoons, knives, and scrapers were 

 abundant. Some are shown in plate 37, 

 along with perforated pottery disks and 

 the bowl of a spoon made from the frontal 

 bone of a deer. 



Figure 16 represents the only adz or 

 gouge form implement found. It is made 

 of gray chert, the edge highly polished. In 

 figure 17 is shown a broken clay pipe, iden- 

 tical in form and material with that in 

 figure 14. 



The red clay which had formed the floor of the excavated area 

 from the mouth of the cavern to well past the central portion sud- 

 denly dipped to the north and to the east shortly before reaching the 

 corner of the west wall. Attempts to follow it downward were 



frustrated by black earth, which 

 when dug with pick or shovel as- 

 sumed the consistency of "hog- 

 wallow mud." 



For a space of 4 or 5 feet inside 

 the doorAvay, whose floor was about 

 3 feet higher than the average sur- 

 face level in the cave, the ashes were 

 not more than a foot thick, the clay 

 rising to this extent. It spread out 

 fan shape, with a continuous slope 

 for several yards in every direction, 

 thus making an easy grade for en- 

 trance and exit. 

 There are three ways in which this condition could have been 

 brought about. 



First, the aborigines may have constructed a graded way; thouo-h 

 It IS not at all likely they would have piled the clay so far to each 

 side. 



16. — Adz or gouge of chert from 

 Miller's Cave. 



