powke] 



ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 



87 



Cairn (4) 



The fourth grave in order was worked out in the same manner 

 as the first. On the outer face the north wall measured 14 feet, the 

 south wall 15| feet, the east wall 16 feet, the west wall 14 feet. The 

 interior lengths were: North wall 12 feet, south wall 11^ feet, 

 east wall 12 feet, west wall 11 feet. 



Near the center were a few fragments of bone, with a columella 

 bead 4 inches long, perforated lengthwise. It is shown in figure 18. 

 To the east of these, also to the south, were other fragments, indicat- 

 ing, in all, at least three 

 interments. 



Fiii. 



18. — Columella beat) from Cairn (4), 

 Devil's Elbow. 



Cairn (5) 



In grave No. 5 the 

 walls on the north and 

 the south w^ere entirely 

 torn out except some stones in the bottom row of each; the upper 

 portions of the east and the west walls were also gone. For this 

 reason the rocks lying outside the structure were not removed. 



The north wall, outside, was 15 feet long; the south wall, 14 feet; 

 the east wall, 16 feet; the west wall, 14| feet. The corresponding 

 inner measurements were, north wall, 10 feet; south wall, 10 feet; 

 east wall, 12 feet; west wall, 12 feet. But as the position of the 

 corners was uncertain these figures are no doubt somewhat in error 

 in either direction. 



The central portion had never been disturbed, the stones lying as 

 they were put originally, except for a possible settling due to their 

 weight; the top of the rounded heap was about 4 feet high. This 



justified the hope that some- 

 thing might be discovered be- 

 neath them. But although the 

 entire space within, up to tlie 

 fairly defined inner faces of the 

 walls, was thoroughly cleaned 

 out down into the untouched 

 gravelly subsoil, no trace of a bone or other indication of a 

 burial was found. The only artificial object was a section 3^ inches 

 long of a columella perforated lengthwise, apparently lost by the 

 wearer, as it lay on the natural surface. This is shown in figure 19. 



Fig. 19. — Columella bead from Cairn (5), 

 Devil's Elbow. 



CAIRNS ON HELM S FARM 



To the north of the Ross farm, on the ridge which is owned by 

 Daniel Helm, are three stone graves made of shapeless limestone 

 blocks such as cover the surface around them. One of these is about 



