roWKE] AiRCHEOLOGICAL USTVESTIGATIONS 153 



view of the surrounding country. There is a dispute as to the site 

 of this mound ; but the journal plainly says it was on the lower (east) 

 side of a little creek which comes in here. Two miles farther up 

 is a larger mound on higher ground which is generall}^ supposed to 

 be the one meant by the explorer; but this is on the other side of 

 the creek and at some distance from the Pawnee village which was 

 located near the mouth of the creek, on the lower side. The ground 

 where this village stood is covered over a space of several acres with 

 the ordinary debris of an Indian settlement; and it is significant that 

 all the relics found are so similar to those which are called " ancient " 

 when found in the lodge sites, that no one could determine from in- 

 spection which kind came from which place. Unless it may exist in 

 the markings in the potter}^, no distinction can be made between 

 these specimens and similar ones from other localities. 



The Pawnees lived here until 1837, when the lowas and Otoes made 

 a sortie upon the unsuspecting inhabitants and killed all of them they 

 could overcome. Two women of the Iowa tribe who were living on 

 the reservation in 1914 remember seeing dead bodies lying around 

 wherever the invaders could find and kill a resident. 



A short distance below the explorers carved their names on a 

 rock which projected into the stream. Accounts as to this spot 

 differ; it is generally stated that in making a road around here, the 

 rock containing the names was blasted away ; but a man in the neigh- 

 borhood who claims to know the exact spot says the blasting did 

 not extend quite so far and that the names are covered by a mass 

 of earth and rock which slid from the bluff many years ago. If this 

 be true, a thrill awaits the man who finds the names some centuries 

 from now, when the river has washed away all this accumulated 

 material. 



VICINITY OF TKOY, KANSAS 



Near the mouth of Wolf Eiver is a village site on which Dr. E. S. 

 Dinsmore, of Troy, has counted 125 tipi sites. Relics are very 

 abundant here, especially the small chert " thumb-scrapers," which 

 outnumber all other specimens. 



MOUTH OF MOSQTJITO CREEK 



Four miles east of Troy, on a ridge so steep that its top is inac- 

 cessible from either side, and so narrow that a wagon would make 

 a track on each slope, is a little mound worn down until its true nature 

 would not be suspected. Dr. Dinsmore was on this ridge one day 

 and noticed a flat limestone rock. Knowing that it had no place in 

 the loess, he began digging to ascertain the reason for it being there. 

 At a depth of a few inches he found bones, and soon unearthed a 

 number of skulls, with only his hands or a stick. Coming back 

 later with tools, he found, in all, 56 skulls. Afterwards he found 



