bwamton] BAKLV HISTOBY OF THE CREEK INDIANS 13 
The Tawasa [ndiahs ultimately united with the Alabama, and 
the livifig Alabama Indians recall no differences between the lan- 
guages of the two peoples. Moreover, Stiggins, writing early in 
the eighteenth century, gives certain episodes in the history of the 
Tawasa as if he were speaking of the whole of the Alabama. 1 Still 
more ancient evidence is furnished by Lamhatty, a Tawasa, who 
was taken captive by the Creeks and made his way into the Vir- 
ginia settlements in 1707. There the historian Robert Beverly met 
him and obtained from him an account of his travels and a rude map 
of the region which he had crossed in order to reach Virginia. 2 While 
the ending of most river names, -oubab, is identical with that which 
appears in Apalachee, the name of the Gulf of Mexico, Ouquodky, is 
plainly the OJci liatki, "wdiite water," of the Hitchiti, and is the name 
si ill applied by them to the ocean. Since the present Alabama 
term is OJci hatha we may perhaps infer that Tawasa speech was 
anciently closer to Hitchiti than to Alabama. Later, however, 
i( was entirely assimilated by Alabama, and therefore it is more 
convenient and less hazardous to place it in the Alabama group. 
In cither case the Muskhogean connection of the language is assured. 
It is probable that the "Pouhka" of Lamhatty 3 w r ero the Pawokti 
later found living with the Alabama, and if so it is a fair assumption 
that their history w r as the same as that of the Taw r asa. 
Muklasa is set down by Bartram as a Stinkard town. 4 It was 
located in the upper Creek country, near the Alabama and Koasati 
towns, and it has a name taken from either the Alabama or the 
Koasati language. Gatschet states with positiveness 5 that the 
Muklasa people were Alabama, and he may have learned that such 
was the case from some well-informed Indian now dead, for to-day 
the Creeks have well-nigh forgotten even the name. 
The Pensacola disappear from history shortly after their appear- 
ance in it, and nothing of their language has been preserved. Their 
name, however, is plainly Choctaw and signifies "hair people." It 
may have been given to them because they wore their hair in a manner 
different from that of most of their neighbors, and Cabeza de Vaca 
mentions as a curious fact that several chiefs in a party of Indians 
he and his companions encountered near Pensacola Bay wore their 
hair long. 6 When we recall Adair's statement to the effect that the 
Choctaw were (idled Pa^sfalaya, "long hair," 7 because of this Very 
peculiarity a connection is at once suggested between the two peoples. 
1 Bee p. 140. 
2 D. I. Bushnell, Jr., in Amer. Anthrop., n. s. vol. x, no. 4, pp. 568-574. 
3 Il>i'l.,map. 
* Bartram, Travels in North America, p. 461. 
* Gatschet, Creek Mig. Leg., i, p. 138. 
6 Bandolier, Journey of Alvai Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, p. 48; also present work, p. 145. 
'• Adair, Hist. Am. Inds., p. 192. lie spells the word Pas' Pharauh. 
