swaston] BARK? HISTORY OF THE CREEK INDIANS 47 
In this narrative there appears to be very little not based on fact. 
The sharp-tailed people are, as noted, still believed in by the southern 
Indians, from which we may infer that the story regarding them was 
known throughout the South. As to the receipts for making giants 
they .-ire such as any Indian might believe efficacious and where, great 
stature happened to follow assume that his treatment had been the 
efficient cause, and when it did not that the fault did not lie with 
the medicines. The notion that deer were heeded and milked might 
very well have originated in the fact that the Spaniards encountered 
pet animals in certain of the villages they visited. The ceremonials 
described are the reverse of improhahle. The reverence for a male 
and a female deity connected with sowing and harvesting would 
seem to be the result of a natural association of sexual processes with 
germination in the vegetable world; and the ceremonies over the 
hones of the dead recall what Lawson tells us of the separation of the 
flesh from the bones among the Santee and interment in mounds. It 
is a curious and interesting fact that, although the name Chicora 
appears most prominently in subsequent histories and charts, so as to 
give its name to a large part of the Carolinas, Peter Martyr, the 
original authority for most that has been said about that country, 
assigns it a very subordinate position. As already noted, the greater 
part of what he has to tell applies to Duhare, the second province 
visited by the Spaniards, and he seems to say that all of the provinces 
which he mentions ' were subject to the king of Duhare and paid 
him tribute. At least he says as much for Hitha. Xamunambe, 
and Tihe. Of course no reliance can be placed upon tales of sub- 
jection and the exaction of tribute, hut at least Duhare was plainly a 
very important country at that time, distinctly overshadowing Chi- 
cora. What is said about the people of Tihe being, as it were, a race 
of priests is interesting, and may mean that they were of a differ- 
ent stock. It is probable that Inzignanin (or rather Inziguanin), 
the inhabitants of which told about the race of sharp-tails, was a 
province farther south than the ot Iters, perhaps in the Cusabo or 
Guale country, but so far it lias been impossible to identify it. 
Chicora and Duhare wen- evidently upon the coast, but how far apart 
we do not know. Unfortunately Peter Martyr does not tell us whether 
the Spaniards turned north or south from Chicora in going to the 
hitter province. We may feel pretty certain that both were in 
Siouan territory, but more than that we can not say with any degree 
of assurance. 
For information regarding the people of Gualdape. we must consult 
Oviedo. While, as we have said, the quotations made from Peter 
Martyr evidently apply to some of the eastern Siouan tribes, we now 
