58 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 
sumably they understood thai an attack had been made on one of 
their own deities, and very likely Rogel was perfectly willing on his 
side to identify the prince of evil with any or all of them. Among 
the chiefs upon whom Vandera levied the above-mentioned tribute of 
corn Rogel mentions Escamacu, Orista, and Hoya, the first of whom 
is of course the Uscamacu of Vandera and Pardo. 1 
In 1576 the Indian policy which had caused Rogel's withdrawal 
brought on a rebellion. Most narratives attribute this to an attempt 
to levy a contribution of provisions on Indians near Fort San Felipe, 
but from one very trustworthy document it appears that it was at 
least brought to a head by the arbitrary conduct of a Capt. Solis, left 
temporarily in charge of the above-mentioned post by Hernando de 
Miranda. This man killed two Indians, seemingly without suffi- 
cient cause, one a chief named Hemalo, who had been in Madrid. In 
July of that year, the garrison of Fort San Felipe being short of pro- 
visions, and the Indians having refused to give them any, the Alferez 
Moyano was sent at the head of 22 men to take some by force. The 
Indians, however, persuaded Moyano to have his men extinguish the 
matches with which their guns were fired, on the ground that their 
women and children were afraid they were going to be killed, and as 
soon as they had done so the Indians fell upon them and killed all 
except a soldier named Andres Calderon. This took place July 22. 
Testimony taken in St. Augustine in 1600 gives the name of the tribe 
concerned as Camacu (i. e., Escamacu) 2 but contemporary letters, 
which are probably correct, call it "Oristau" or "Oristan." Calde- 
ron reached the fort in three days and gave the alarm. Meanwhile 
"the Provinces of Guale, Uscamacu, and Oristau" had risen in 
revolt. News reached Hernando de Miranda and he returned at 
once to Santa Elena. Capt. Solis was then dispatched against the 
Indians, but he was ambushed and killed along with eight soldiers. 
The Indians to the number, according to one Spanish narrative, of 
2,000 then besieged the fort, and they killed several Spaniards besides, 
including an interpreter named Aguilar. One account says that 
32 men were slain, but it does not appear whether this included 
Moyano's force or not. Among those lost were the factor, auditor 
(contador), and treasurer. Finally the Spaniards were withdrawn 
to St. Augustine and the Indians entered the fort and burned it. It 
was restored shortly under the name of Fort San Marcos, and in 1579 
Governor Pedro Menendez Marques visited the place to pay the 
troops and incidentally to take revenge on the neighboring hostiles. 
He attacked a fortified town named Cocapoy, 20 leagues from Fort 
San Marcos, strongly placed in a swamp and occupied by Indians 
said never to have been willing to make peace with the Spaniards. 
The town was severely handled, a number of Indians, including a 
1 Ruidiaz, La Florida, H, pp. 301-308. a Serrano y Sanz, Doc. Hist., p. 147. 
